职业教育培训对农户收入影响的实证研究——基于空巢农户视角的探讨

The Empirical Study of the Influence of Vocational Education Training on Farmers′Income--Based on the Perspective of the Empty-nest Families

采用江西省南昌市6县(区)的实地调查数据,借助于PSM方法的实证检验,重点探究职业教育培训对南昌市空巢农户收入影响的关系。研究表明,描述性统计得到的数值大多会高估职业教育培训对空巢农户的实际收入效应,在考虑样本的内生性偏差问题后,接受职业教育培训能显著提高空巢农户的收入水平,但由于职业教育培训存在效率逐年递减的情况,因此职业教育培训对空巢农户收入的提高效果也会随着农户接受培训时间的延长而缓慢减弱。此外,男性户主、户主文化水平、农业劳作人数、家庭拥有耕地面积、务农年限、当地政府政策支撑等变量对空巢农户的收入有显著的正向促进作用;培训时间、培训所需费用、离县城距离等与农户接受职业教育培训的意愿成显著负相关关系;农户年龄、家庭成员数、农业收入占家庭收入的比例、专业技能化程度与职业教育培训的联系并不紧密。

Based on the data of 6 counties(districts)in Nanchang city Jiangxi province,the influence of vocational education training on empty-nest farmers′income is explored with the help of empirical survey of PSM.The results show that the numerical descriptive statistics obtained may overestimate the actual income effect of vocational education and training of farmers in the empty nest.Taking into account the deviation of the sample problem,accepting the vocational education training can significantly improve the income level of the empty-nest farmers.However,due to the decreasing efficiency of occupation education and training year by year,the effect of vocational education training on the empty-nest household income will decrease slowly with the increasing training time.In addition,the variables such as the male head of the household,householders′level education,number of farmland area,farming period,and policy support of the local government on the empty nest farmers play a significant positive role to their income.The training time,cost,and distance from the county have negative influence on their willingness to accept the vocational education and training.Farmers′age,family size,proportion of agricultural income,professional skills have loose relation with vocational education training.