一种基于机会转发的认知无线传感网路由协议

An Opportunistic Forwarding Based Routing Protocol for Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks

由于认知无线传感器网络的高度频谱动态性,传统的路由协议存在实时性差和能耗高的问题.为此,提出一种基于机会转发的认知无线传感器网络路由协议.其主要创新性在于将短导频采样和机会式路由结合,并设计同时考虑主用户保护和转发时延的认知实时转发条件.该协议通过导频采样技术支持休眠—唤醒机制,可有效减少认知节点的串听和降低节点的占空比;采用认知实时转发条件,可在保护主用户的同时,保证数据的实时、可靠传输.此外,所提路由协议是分布式路由协议,数据的路由过程只需要局部信息,路由开销明显降低.大量仿真表明,所提的路由协议较传统路由协议在能耗与时延指标方面有较大提升.

Due to the high spectrum dynamics of cognitive radio sensor networks,traditional routing protocols have drawbacks such as poor timeliness and high energy consumption. To address this issue,we propose a novel opportunistic forwarding-based routing( OFBR) protocol for cognitive radio sensor networks. The novelty of the OFBR protocol lies in its combination of short preamble sampling and opportunistic forwarding. In addition,we design a cognitive real-time forwarding condition that protects primary users and mitigates forwarding delay. The OFBR protocol can effectively reduce the overhearing and duty cycles of cognitive sensors by short preamble sampling,and thereby guarantees real-time and reliable transmission while protecting primary users by cognitive real-time forwarding. The OFBR protocol is a distributed routing protocol that requires only local information in the data routing process,so its routing overhead is significantly reduced. Extensive simulations confirm that the OFBR protocol obviously outperforms traditional routing protocols with respect to energy consumption and latency.