‘吉单’玉米品种对种植密度的响应

Response of ‘JD’ Series Maize Varieties to Planting Density

因吉林省品种层出不穷,却鲜有能够实现大面积推广,本研究以吉林省不同熟期玉米品种‘吉单441’、‘吉单631’和‘吉单558’为试验材料,研究‘吉单’品种在不同种植密度条件下的产量表现,及其在吉林省东部、中部和西部的适宜种植密度。结果表明,‘吉单558’和‘吉单631’在种植密度为7.5×10^4株/hm2时干物质累积量达到最大值,开花期不同种植密度条件下叶面积指数大小顺序均为种植密度(×10^4株/hm^2) 9.0跃7.5跃6.0跃4.5跃3.0。根据实际种植情况、品种特性及方程模拟情况,在吉林省东部适宜种植密度为6.7伊104株/hm^2左右,中部适宜种植密度为6.5伊104株/hm2左右且可根据当地条件适当增加种植密度,在吉林省西部适宜种植密度为6.0伊104株/hm^2左右。随种植密度增加,未见‘吉单’品种倒伏显著相关,6展叶期和乳熟期,干物质累积量与叶面积指数显著相关;开花期(R1)叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)与叶面积指数均极显著相关,‘吉单558’干物质累积量与产量显著相关,‘吉单631’干物质累积量与叶绿素值显著相关;成熟期仅‘吉单558’表现为干物质累积量与产量显著相关。应根据品种的特性进行合理密植,才能充分发挥品种光合特性,进而提高作物产量。‘吉单’品种为吉林省自主研发玉米品种,本研究可为提高吉林省玉米品种综合竞争力提供理论支持,为吉林省玉米持续丰产提供参考。

Recently,maize varieties emerged one after another in Jilin Province,but fewer could achieve a large area of promotion.Three cultivated maize varieties’JD411’,’JD631’and’JD558’,were used as tested material in a field experiment.The object of this study was to discuss the yield of’JD’series maize under different planting density and analyzed the suitable planting density o in eastern,middle and western of Jilin Province.The result showed that dry matter accumulation of’JD558’and’JD631’reached the maximum when the planting density was7.5×10^4 plants/hm2.At flowering stage the order of LAI was 9.0>7.5>6.0>4.5>3.0104 plants/hm2.According to the actual planting situation and equation simulation,the recommended planting density was about 6.7×10^4 plants/hm^2 in eastern Jilin Province.The recommended planting density was about 6.5×10^4 plants/hm2 in middle Jilin province.The recommended planting density was about 6.0×10^4 plants/hm^2 in western Jilin Province.With the increase of planting density,there was no significant correlation between lodging of’JD’series cultivars.At V6 and R3,DAM and LAI were significant correlation.At R1,SPAD and LAI were highly significant correlation,and DAM and yield of’JD558’were significant correlation,DAM and SPAD of’JD631’were significant correlation.At R6,DAM and yield of’JD558’were significant correlation.Therefore,proper planting density should be carried out according to the characteristics of cultivars,so as to give full play to the photosynthetic characteristics of cultivars and improve crop yield.’JD’series maize varieties were the independent research in Jilin Province.This study could improve comprehensive competitiveness of maize varieties,provide theoretical support and sustainable development of maize for reference.