基于用户满意度的图标动态形式设计

Animated Icon Form Design Based on User Satisfaction

为了增加用户对人机界面图标的可理解性,提高用户认知效率,提出一种基于用户满意度的图标动态形式评价方法.利用速率、方向、范围、路径分别定义图标旋转、左右、上下平移、缩放4种基本动态形式;采用阈限测量法获得图标动作时间的上阈、舒适值、下阈,通过线性回归建立图标动作时间与图标动作幅度间映射关系;通过Likert量表进行动态图标范围适合度调查;结合方差分析和最小显著性差异实验,分析图标动作时间和图标动作幅度对用户偏好满意度、认知负荷的影响,并用于指导动态图标设计.实验结果表明在4种基本动态形式下,移动端的动态图标最佳动作时间在450 ms左右;动作时间与动作幅度为正相关,设备尺寸、图标复杂度对动作时间的设定有决定性的影响;动作幅度的设定与设备尺寸相关.为人机界面中动态图标设计提供了一种动态图标量化分析模型,以便为人机界面的动态图标设计提供一定的理论参考.

To increase the users’intelligibility of animated icons and enhance their cognitive efficiency in Human-Machine Interface(HMI),this study proposes an evaluation method of animated icons based on user satisfaction.Four animated icon forms including horizontal motion,vertical motion,rotation,and scale are redefined based on speed,path,amplitude,and direction.The psychophysical method is conducted obtain the upper threshold,the appropriate threshold and the lower threshold of the animated icons’motion time,then the correlative models are built between the motion time and the motion amplitude of icons.The 7-point Likert-type scale is used to measure the appropriate motion amplitude of animated icon,motion time and amplitude of animated icons are compared and analyzed by ANOVA and LSD tests.The experimental results show that the most appropriate motion time was about 450 ms,the action time and the action amplitude is positively correlated amplitude and complexity of animated icons,even the size of smartphones is crucial to the design of animated icons.This method provides one quantitative model for the design of animated icons in HMI,the findings can serve as a useful therotical guideline when animated icons are researched or designed.