金如意黄山楂早期丰产栽培技术

Early high yield cultivation techniques of Jinruyi yellow hawthorn

金如意黄山楂是从费县当地俗称“小黄红子”野生山楂的芽变选育出的优质早熟型品种。果实9月上中旬成熟,比母株早熟7~8天。单果重12g左右,最大18g,果色金黄、果肉黄白色,肉质地绵软,每100g果实总糖(以葡萄糖计)含量8.9g,有机酸(以苹果酸计)含量0.1g,风味清甜微酸,鲜食品质及外观俱佳。一般定植2~3年即可开花结果,单花序坐果6~8个,7年生树进入盛果期,株产50kg左右。总结了金如意黄山楂品种的特性、建园栽植、土肥水管理、花果管理、整形修剪、病虫害防治等综合栽培技术。

Jinruyi yellow hawthorn was a high-quality and early-maturing variety selected from wild hawthorn by bud mutation,which was commonly known as little yellow red seed in Feixian county.This variety matured in early and middle September,7-8 days earlier than the mother plant.The single fruit weight was about 12g,and the maximum fruit weight was 18g.The peel color was golden,and the flesh was yellow and white.The total sugar concent of per 100g fruit(calculated by glucose)was 8.9g,and the content of organic acid(calculated by malic acid)was 0.1g.The flesh texture was soft,and the flavor was sweet and slightly sour,and the fresh food quality and appearance were excellent.The characteristics of Jinruyi yellow hawthorn,gardening and planting,soil,fertilizer and water management,flower and fruit management,plastic pruning,pest control and other comprehensive cultivation techniques were summarized.