同源异轨:《日讲书经解义》与《书经衷论》考析

Homology and Détournement:Ri Jiang Shu Jing Jie Yi and Shu Jing Zhong Lun

康熙朝《尚书》日讲分为经筵进讲与南书房侍讲,二者同时进行,虽有区别,但沟通密切,共用的进呈讲义后辑为《日讲书经解义》。张英作为讲义的分撰官和南书房侍读《尚书》的儒臣,其著作《书经衷论》与《日讲书经解义》常有文字复现、观点相近、论证思路暗合的现象,据此推测《日讲书经解义》或由张英独力完成。《日讲书经解义》着力疏解文意,发掘《尚书》蕴含的治道,规劝皇帝重视心性品格的修养。《书经衷论》尤重行文章法,以性理释经,强调安民重贤。两部经解结撰原则与体例的差异影响书中传达的旨趣与用意,触发“异轨”效应。

The Rijiang of Shangshu can be divided into Jingyan Jinjiang and Nanshufang Shijiang in the period of Emperor Kangxi.Jingyan Jinjiang and Nanshufang Shijiang were almost held simultaneously,which had differed in some aspects and had close communication as well.The shared commentaries on the classics was compiled as Ri Jiang Shu Jing Jie Yi.Zhang Ying was the author of commentaries and the bachelor in Nanshufang,and his writings Ri Jiang Shu Jing Jie Yi and Shu Jing Zhong Lun had text coincidence,close viewpoints and similar train of thought.Ri Jiang Shu Jing Jie Yi may be finished by Zhang Ying.The difference of writing principles and regulations affected the authorial intention,which triggered the effect of Détournement.Ri Jiang Shu Jing Jie Yi focused on annotating the original meanings,summarizing the way of running a country and trying to persuade Kangxi into cultivating his moral character.Shu Jing Zhong Lun laid stress on the decree of article,using disposition and heavenly principles to expound Shangshu and emphasizing the importance of ordinary people and sages.