宋金交互视域中的徽宗之死

The Death of Emperor Huizong——From the Interactive Perspective of Song and Jin Dynasties

宋金各类史籍对宋徽宗之死的记述或歧异抵牾,或模糊不清。死去的宋徽宗,金国拿其棺椁当作和议的筹码,南宋视作国家之象征。从绍兴五年(1135)到绍兴十二年(1142),南宋官方为了摆脱因不知死亡日期的礼仪困扰,以得到凶问的日期为忌日。绍兴十二年韦太后还朝后,经她确认的宋徽宗死亡日期,自然而然地进入官方史籍中。宋高宗采取文化高压政策,禁止私人修史,某种程度上是为了掩盖宋徽宗之死、北狩皇族屈辱等历史痛点。在宋金交互视域中,有关徽宗之死,可谓史实与传闻交织。宋徽宗之死这一话题,在宋金政治史、交流史、文艺史等不同面相都有不同寻常的意义。

The descriptions of the death of Emperor Huizong are contradictory and ambiguous in various historical records of Song and Jin Dynasties.The Southern Song Dynasty regarded the dead Emperor Huizong as a symbol of the old country,while Jin used his coffin as a bargaining chip.From the fifth year to the twelfth year of Shaoxing during the reign of Emperor Gaozong(1135-1142),in order to get rid of the etiquette trouble of the unknown date of death,the Southern Song Dynasty officials took the day of knowing the death of Emperor Huizong as the anniversary of death.In the twelfth year of Shaoxing(1142),Queen Mother Wei returned to the court.And by her confirmation,the exact date of Emperor Huizong's death entered the official historical records.Emperor Gaozong adopted a cultural repressive policy,prohibiting private history compilation,to cover up historical truths to some extent such as the death of Emperor Huizong and the humiliation of the royal family being taken captive to the north.Based on the interactive perspective of Song and Jin Dynasties,the death of Emperor Huizong is intertwined with historical facts and rumors.It has an unusual significance in different aspects such as the political history,communication history and literary and artistic history of Song and Jin Dynasties.