疫情冲击下地方专项债绩效管理与风险防范

Performance Management and Risk Prevention of Local Special Debt under the Impact of COVID-19

目前,全面实施预算绩效改革已成为政府治理深刻变革的突破口,也是提升国家治理能力现代化的必然要求。2020年新冠肺炎疫情在全球蔓延,疫情对我国经济下行压力持续加大,地方专项债作为逆周期财政政策的一项重要举措,成为拉动经济增长的直接动力。但随着近几年专项债的提速扩容,专项债的绩效管理及风险防控就显得非常重要。现阶段,全国各地投资需求持续上升,不少地方出现项目匆忙上马,“一哄而上”之势,存在专项债资金“空转”、收益虚高、信息披露不全、监督乏力等突出问题,导致专项债投资风险隐患频现。当前,逆周期财政政策已进入“窗口期”,如何对“盛宴”下的专项债进行冷思考,从“防风险、稳预期”的底线要求出发,加强专项债的绩效管理,建立动态化的专项债风险预警机制,强化专项债信息披露,打造“阳光债务”,就成为当前亟待解决的重要议题。

At present, the comprehensive implementation of bu dget performance reform has become a breakthrough in the profound reform of government governance;it is also an inevitable requirement for the improvement of the modernization of national governance capacity. In 2020,COVID-19 is spreading around the world, and the impact of COVID-19 on China’s economy is increasing. As an important measure of counter-cyclical fiscal policies, the local special debt has become a direct force to stimulate economic growth. However, with the increase and expansion of the special debts in recent years, the performance management and risk prevention and control of the special local debts are becoming significantly important. At present, investment demand across the country has continued to rise. In many places, projects have been launched in a hurry, and there has been a trend of herd phenomenon. There are such outstanding problems as" idling" of the special debt funds, inflated returns, incomplete information disclosure, and weak supervision, leading to frequent hidden risks on the investment in special debts. At present, the counter-cyclical fiscal policy has entered the"window period", then how to think calmly about the special debts, how to strengthen the performance management of special debts starting from the bottom line requirements of" preventing risks and stabilizing expectations", how to establish a dynamic early warning mechanism against the special debt risks, and how to strengthen the disclosure mechanism of special debt information and forge"sunshine debt" have become important issues that need to be resolved urgently.