存在垂直岸壁时舰船水下标量电位分布特征研究

On distribution feature of underwater electric scalar potential produced by a ship in seawater with vertical bank

为研究存在垂直岸壁海域中舰船水下标量电位的分布特征,首先采用水平直流电偶极子作为舰船电场等效场源,基于稳恒电场镜像理论,推导了垂直岸壁存在时水平直流电偶极子在海水区域中产生的标量电位分布表达式;然后,以此为基础,对垂直岸壁存在时舰船水下标量电位的分布特征进行了仿真分析。结果表明:垂直岸壁的存在并不改变舰船水下标量电位分布的整体趋势,但电导率小于海水的垂直岸壁会增大标量电位的绝对值,且岸壁电导率越小、场点距离岸壁越近,标量电位的绝对值增大越明显。最后,在实验室中模拟存在垂直岸壁的海域环境,实测了模拟场源下方某一深度平面上的标量电位分布,验证了理论推导和仿真分析结果的正确性。

In order to study the distribution feature of the underwater electric scalar potential produced by a ship in seawaters with vertical bank, the horizontal DC electric dipole is used as the equivalent field source firstly, the expressions of underwater electric scalar potential produced by a horizontal DC electric dipole in the sea areas with vertical bank are derived based on the mirror theory of static electric field. Then, with vertical bank existing, the distribution feature of underwater electric scalar potential is simulated based on the previous expressions. Simulation results show that the vertical bank does not change the general distribution feature of underwater scalar potential, but the vertical bank whose conductivity is smaller than seawater can increase the absolute value of scalar potential, whereby the smaller the conductivity of the bank and the closer the field point to the shore, the more obviously the absolute value of the scalar potential increase. Finally, the sea area with vertical bank was simulated in laboratory so that the distribution of electric scalar pontential of certain depth under the simulated field source was measured, which verifies the correctness of theoretical derivation and simulation result.