旅游开发背景下的土楼内部空间功能演变分析——以福建永定洪坑村为例

Analysis of Internal Spatial Function Evolution of Tulou under the Background of Tourism Development:A Case Study of Hongkeng Village in Yongding,Fujian Province

福建土楼是世界文化遗产中的杰出代表,将福建土楼作为研究对象的研究成果也较为丰富,但存在一定局限性,且随着旅游的发展,土楼的内部功能不断变化,对遗产保护和居民生活产生了一定影响。因此探究土楼内部空间在旅游开发过程中发生的功能演变,可以更好地掌握土楼未来演化趋势,并为福建土楼的保护发展提供借鉴。通过实地调研和相关文献分析,将福建省龙岩市永定区湖坑镇洪坑村土楼内部空间在旅游发展过程中的演变类型分为三类,即传统居民居住型、居民与游客共生型和服务游客需求型,分别对这三种类型的演变特征及存在问题进行分析,总结出两种主要造成其内部空间演变的影响因素,即政策因素和产权因素,并在此基础上提出不同类型土楼相应的保护和发展策略。

Fujian Tulou is an outstanding representative of the world cultural heritage.The research results using Fujian Tulou as the research object are also relatively rich,but there are certain limitations.With the development of tourism,the internal function of the Tulou is constantly changing,which has a certain impact on heritage protection and residents'life.Therefore,exploring the functional evolution of the internal space of the earth building in the process of tourism development can better grasp the future evolution trend of the Fujian Tulou and provide a reference for the protection and development of them.Based on field research and related literature analysis,the evolution of the internal space of the Hongkeng Village Tulou in the process of tourism development is divided into three types,which are traditional residential type,residents and tourists symbiosis type,and tourist demand type.This paper analyzes the evolution characteristics and existing problems of these three types respectively,and summarizes two main influencing factors that cause their internal spatial evolution,namely policy factors and property rights factors.On this basis,the corresponding protection and development strategies for different types of earth buildings are proposed.