微生物检验对医院感染控制的价值及合理用药的影响研究

A study of the value of microbiological examination to nosocomial infection control and its effect on rational drug use

目的探索微生物检验对控制院内感染的意义及如何指导临床合理用药。方法将2019年1~12月于我院住院的136例患者作为研究对象,以随机数字表法分为观察组68例和对照组68例。其中观察组患者的病房采用微生物检验方式进行消毒,对照组患者采用常规病房消毒,观察两组患者的尿路感染发生率;确诊尿路感染后观察组患者在中段尿培养药敏试验结果指导下用药,对照组患者采用经验性用药。结果观察组的院内感染发生率为2.94%(2/68),对照组为16.18%(11/68),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);两组间不同程度感染比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);标本中病原菌种类分别为大肠埃希杆菌14株、肺炎克雷伯菌2株、变形杆菌2株、粪肠球菌6株。结论进行精确的微生物检验有利于降低院内感染的发生,控制病情由轻向重发展,同时指导临床合理使用抗生素。

Objective To explore the significance of microbiological examination for nosocomial infection control and how to guide rational drug use in clinic. Methods A total of 136 patients hospitalized in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were taken as the subjects of research, and they were randomly divided into the observation group(n=68) and the control group(n=68) through random number table method. Among these patients, the wards of the patients in the observation group were disinfected through microbiological examination, while the wards of the patients in the control group were disinfected through conventional method, and the incidences of urinary tract infection(UTI) of the two groups of patients were observed. After UTI was confirmed, the patients in the observation group were treated with drugs under the guidance of the results of midstream urine culture antimicrobial susceptibility test, while the patients in the control group were treated with empirical administration. Results The incidence of nosocomial infection in the observation group was 2.94%(2/68), while that in the control group was 16.18%(11/68), with statistically significant difference in the data between the two groups(P < 0.05). There was no obvious statistical difference in infection degree between the two groups(P >0.05). The pathogenic bacteria in the specimens included 14 strains of Escherichia coli, 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 strains of proteus and 6 strains of enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion Accurate microbiological examination plays certain role in the decrease of nosocomial infection and the control of disease deterioration, and it can guide the rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice.