灵与物:从《平凡的世界》看现实主义文学中的爱情描写

Spirit and Matter:Description of Love in Realistic Literature from The Ordinary World

爱情牵涉到灵与物两个方面。《平凡的世界》描写了十对青年男女的爱情,这些爱情是灵与物的结合,即他们的爱情中既有灵的一面,也有物的一面,处在矛盾之中,但灵是矛盾的主要方面,是爱情的基础与动力,物是矛盾的次要方面,是爱情的物质条件与保证。小说中的爱情,总是因灵的因素而产生,因物的因素而波动,在灵与物的纠缠中发展,最后在以灵为主导的灵物平衡中得到定型。从现实主义的角度来看,《平凡的世界》中的爱情描写的不足主要表现在两个方面:其一,在灵与物的关系中,灵的一面所占权重过大;其二,浪漫的色彩较重,现实性相对不足。

Love involves both spiritual and matter aspects.The Ordinary World describes the love between ten young men and women.These loves are the union of spirit and matters,In which there is both a spiritual side and material side.But in the contradiction between the two,the spirit is the main aspect of the contradiction and the basis and motive force of love.Matter is the secondary aspect of contradiction and the material condition and guarantee of love.Love in the novel is always generated by spiritual factors,fluctuated according to the material factor,developed in the entanglement of spirit and matter,and finally,to be fixed in the spirit oriented balance of spirit and matter.From the perspective of realism,the lack of love description in The Ordinary World is mainly reflected in two aspects:First,in the relationship between the spirit and the object,the spiritual side takes up too much weight;Second,the romantic color is heavier,the reality is opposite inadequacy.