福建省2015—2019年输入性疟疾流行病学特征

Epidemiological analysis of imported malaria in Fujian,2015-2019

目的分析2015—2019年福建省输入性疟疾监测数据,探讨福建省消除疟疾阶段疟疾流行特点,为福建省消除疟疾后监测工作提供科学依据。方法收集2015—2019年福建省疟疾疫情数据资料,应用Microsoft Excel 2007软件对疫情概况、三间分布及诊治情况进行描述性统计分析。结果福建省2015—2019年共报告输入性疟疾病例562例,均为境外输入,其中516例(91.81%)来自非洲;562例均为确诊病例,其中恶性疟428例(76.16%)、间日疟72例(12.81%)、卵形疟39例(6.94%)、三日疟19例(3.38%)、混合感染4例(0.71%)。报告病例中发病到就诊的中位时间为1 d,从就诊到确诊的中位时间为0 d;首诊确诊的426例(75.80%),首诊单位以地市级医疗机构为主,为350例(占62.28%)。按报告地分,病例主要分布在福州市鼓楼区,为421例,占74.91%;按现住址分,病例主要分布于福州市福清市,174例,占30.96%。病例以青壮年男性(20~49岁)为主,527例,占93.77%;各月份均有病例分布,累计报告病例数较多的是1、2月份,分别为66例和63例,占总病例数的11.74%(66/562)和11.21%(63/562)。2015—2019年全省共报告死亡病例5例。结论消除疟疾后输入性疟疾病例依然存在,今后应进一步提高医疗机构的诊治能力,巩固消除疟疾成果。

Objective To analyze the monitoring data,and explore the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2019,so as to provide a scientific basis for the monitoring work after elimination of malaria.Methods The epidemiological data on malaria cases in Fujian Province,2015-2019 were collected.The epidemic situation,the distribution of cases in different regions,age,gender and season,malaria diagnosis and treatment were analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007 software.Results A total of 562 cases of malaria were reported in Fujian Province,2015-2019.All cases were imported from overseas,mainly from African(516 case,91.81%).All cases were confirmed in reference laboratories,comprising 428(76.16%)falciparum malaria cases,72(12.81%)vivax malaria cases,39(6.94%)ovale malaria cases,19(3.38%)quartan malaria cases and 4(0.71%)mixed infection cases.The median time,which was from onset to see a doctor and from seeing the doctor to diagnosis,was 1 day and 0 day,respectively.The cases of definitive diagnosis were 426 at initial diagnosis(75.80%),the prefecture level hospital was the preferred selection for patients to visit after onset of the disease(350 cases,62.28%).By report area,most cases were mainly distribution in Gulou district(421 cases,74.91%),Fuzhou city,and by the present address,174 cases(30.96%)were distributed in Fuqing country,Fuzhou city.Most malaria cases(527,93.77%)were young men,whose age from 20 to 49.The malaria cases were reported in each month across the year,the most cases were 66 and 63 in January and February,accounting for 11.74%(66/562)and 11.21%(63/562)of the total cases,respectively.5 deaths were reported in Fujian Province,2015-2019.Conclusions Imported malaria cases were still existed after elimination of malaria,the diagnosis and treatment capacity of medical institutions should be further strengthened in the future,so as to consolidate achievements in malaria eradication.