老年人社会支持、心理资本与心理健康关系研究

Research on relationship among social support,psychological capital and mental health of old people

选取381名60岁及以上老年人,采用社会支持评定、积极心理资本和简易心理状况三份量表,探讨老年人社会支持、心理资本与心理健康的关系。研究发现:老年人社会支持、心理资本和心理健康均处于良好水平,且三者在性别、年龄、自理能力和养老方式等人口学变量上存在一定差异;社会支持、心理资本与心理健康间呈两两显著正相关的关系;中介效应检验结果显示,心理资本在社会支持中的主观支持维度和心理健康之间的中介效应显著;主观支持维度既可直接对心理健康产生影响,也可通过心理资本间接发挥作用,即心理资本在主观支持维度和心理健康之间起中介作用。因此,强化老年人心理资本建设对维持老年人心理健康具有重要意义。

381 old people aged over 60 years were selected to investigate the relationship among social support, psychological capital and mental health of old people by using Social Support Rating Scale, Positive Psychological Capital Questionnaire and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. The results showed that the social support, psychological capital and mental health of old people were at a good level, among which there were some differences in demographic variables, such as gender, age, self-care ability and pension mode. Social support, psychological capital and mental health showed significant positive correlation between every two of them. The mediating effect test results showed that psychological capital had a significant mediating effect between subjective support and mental health. Subjective support could not only directly affect mental health, but also indirectly played a role through psychological capital, that is, psychological capital played an intermediary role between subjective support and mental health. Therefore, strengthening the construction of psychological capital for old people has important value in maintaining the mental health of old people.