高粱杂交种吉杂319及其亲本RuBPCase活性和根伤流特性的研究

Study on RuBPCase Activity and Root Bleeding Characteristics of the Sorghum Hybrids Jiza 319 and Its Parents

以高粱杂交种吉杂319及其母本不育系515A和父本恢复系501R为材料,在相同的环境条件下种植,于开花期取样测定叶片RuBP羧化酶(RuBPCase)活性、叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)、根系伤流强度以及伤流液硝态氮(NO3--N)强度、铵态氮(NH4+-N)强度和可溶性蛋白强度,分析吉杂319与其亲本间叶绿素相对含量、RuBPCase活性以及根伤流特性的差异。结果表明:杂交种吉杂319叶片RuBPCase活性、根伤流强度、伤流液NO3--N强度、NH4+-N强度和可溶性蛋白强度显著高于其母本不育系515A和父本恢复系501R,分别是其高亲叶片RuBPCase活性、根伤流强度、伤流液NO3--N强度、NH4+-N强度和可溶性蛋白强度的1.34倍、1.24倍、1.17倍、1.16倍和4.04倍,差异显著(P<0.05),具有显著的超高亲杂种优势;杂交种吉杂319叶片叶绿素含量具有超中亲杂种优势。说明高粱杂交种吉杂319叶片光合代谢和根系吸收代谢能力要显著高于其亲本,这为其获得高产奠定了生理基础。

The sorghum hybrid Jiza 319 and its female sterile line 515 A and its male restorer line 501 R were used as test materials to plant under the same environmental conditions. At the flowering stage, the RuBPCase activity and relative chlorophyll content in leave,root bleeding intensity, nitrate nitrogen intensity, ammonium nitrogen intensity, soluble protein intensity in root bleeding liquid were measured. The difference of these physiological indicators between Jiza 319 and its parents was analyzed. The results showed that RuBPCase activity in leave,root bleeding intensity, nitrate nitrogen intensity and ammonium nitrogen intensity and soluble protein intensity in root bleeding liquid of hybrid Jiza 319 were significantly higher than those of its female sterile line 515 A and its male restorer line 501 R, and there were 1.34 times, 1.24 times, 1.17 times, 1.16 times and 4.04 times higher than that of its high parents(P<0.05). Leaf RuBPCase activity,root bleeding intensity, nitrate nitrogen intensity and ammonium nitrogen intensity and soluble protein intensity in root bleeding liquid of hybrid Jiza 319 had significant heterosis of super high parents. Relative chlorophyll content in leaves of hybrid Jiza 319 had significant heterosis of super middle parents. The results showed that the photosynthetic metabolism and root absorption metabolism ability of the sorghum hybrid Jiza 319 were significantly higher than that of its parents, which laid a physiological foundation for its high yield.