摘要
【目的】研究晋西黄土残塬沟壑区刺槐林在不同林龄和密度条件下土壤入渗特征及其影响因素,为林分结构精准提升提供功能导向的调控依据。【方法】在野外采用双环法测定不同林龄(15、25和35年)以及不同密度(800、1200、1600、1800和2200株/hm2)刺槐林的土壤入渗过程,并测定了土壤理化性质,分析了土壤孔隙度、土壤密度、有机质含量等土壤理化性质与土壤渗透速率的相关性。【结果】(1)在一定程度上,稳渗速率在同一密度条件下随林龄的增大而增大;在同一林龄条件下,随着密度的增大而增大;初始入渗速率和平均入渗速率随林龄增大而增大;(2)对不同林龄及不同密度刺槐林的土壤入渗过程模拟发现常用的4种模型(Horton模型、Kostiakov模型、Philip模型和通用经验模型)对该研究区刺槐人工林的模拟效果均较好,其中通用经验模型的平均回归系数(0.977)>Horton模型的平均回归系数(0.958)>Kostiakov模型的回归系数(0.953)>Philip模型的回归系数(0.945),即认为通用经验模型拟合效果更好;(3)通过主成分和相关性分析可知,土壤入渗性能与土壤密度、有机质含量和水稳性团聚体呈极显著相关性;土壤初始含水量是影响初始入渗速率的主要因子;1~2 mm水稳性团聚体、土壤密度和毛管孔隙度是影响稳渗速率的主要因子;影响平均入渗速率主要因子是土壤初始含水量和0.5~1 mm水稳性团聚体。【结论】在一定林分密度范围内(800~2200株/hm2),随着刺槐林林龄和林分密度的增加土壤结构不断改善,土壤入渗性能逐渐提升,且在相同林分密度条件下35年刺槐人工林土壤入渗性能更好。
[Objective]This paper aims to study the soil infiltration characteristics and its influencing factors of Robinia pseudoacacia forest in the loess gully region of western Shanxi Province of northern China,which could provide functional guidance for the precise improvement of stand structure.[Method]We selected the stand age of 15,25,and 35 years and the density of 800,1200,1600,1800,and 2200 plant/ha Robinia pseudoacacia forest for double-ring infiltration test.Correlation between the physical and chemical properties of soil,such as soil porosity,bulk density,organic matter,and soil infiltration rate,was analyzed.[Result](1)To some extent,the steady infiltration rate increased with the increase of forest age and stand density.The initial infiltration rate and average infiltration rate increased with the increase of stand age.(2)Four models(Horton,Kostiakov,Philip,and general empirical model)were used to simulate the infiltration process of Robinia pseudoacacia forest in different stand ages and densities.The results showed that the average regression coefficient of general empirical model(0.977)>Horton model(0.958)>Kostiakov model(0.953)>Philip model(0.945).Therefore,the fitting effect of general empirical model was best.(3)According to principal component and correlation analysis,the soil infiltration performance was significantly correlated with the soil bulk density,organic matter,and water-stable aggregates.The initial soil moisture content was the main factor affecting the initial infiltration rate.The 1-2 mm water-stable aggregates,soil bulk density,and capillary porosity were the main factors affecting stable infiltration rate.The main factors affecting average infiltration rate were the initial soil moisture content and 0.5-1 mm water-stable aggregates.[Conclusion]In a certain range(800-2200 plant/ha),with the increase of age and density of Robinia pseudoacacia forest,the soil structure is improved,and the soil infiltration performance is gradually improved.Under the same stand density,the 35-year Robinia pseudoacacia forest shows better infiltration performance than others.
作者
崔艳红
毕华兴
侯贵荣
王宁
王珊珊
赵丹阳
马晓至
云慧雅
Cui Yanhong;Bi Huaxing;Hou Guirong;Wang Ning;Wang Shanshan;Zhao Danyang;Ma Xiaozhi;Yun Huiya(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Jixian County Station,Chinese National Ecosystem Research Network(CNERN),Jixian 042200,Shanxi,China;Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Engineering Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation,Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering of Ministry of Education,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees,Beijing 102206,China;College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,Sichuan,China)
出处
《北京林业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期77-87,共11页
Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(31971725)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501704)。
关键词
晋西黄土残塬沟壑区
土壤入渗
入渗模型
主成分分析
刺槐林
林分密度
林龄
loess gully region in western Shanxi Province
soil infiltration
infiltration model
principal component analysis
Robinia pseudoacacia plantation
stand density
stand age