工作性质变革对高等教育发展趋势的影响——世界银行报告评析

An Analysis of the Influence of Job Nature Change on the Development Trend of Higher Education——Comments on the World Bank Report

工作性质的变革将如何以及以何种程度影响高等教育?世界银行《2019年世界发展报告:工作性质的变革》对该问题进行了广泛与深刻的探究。基于此,本文分析了工作性质变化对高等教育发展的三大影响,即工作性质的变革增加了社会对高级、多元化认知技能需求,对终身学习的需求,以及对创新平台的需求,增加了高等教育的吸引力。在分析其影响的同时,指出高等教育变革要顺应工作性质的变革,反思学生未来工作所需要的素养与能力,理顺通识教育与职业教育路径的关系,打造健康的创新生态系统。此外,鉴于技术所带来的对劳动者根据不断变化的劳动力市场需求,重塑技能的“适应性”能力的要求,高等教育要审视可持续发展的教育理念,在人才培养目标、学科设计等方面做出改革,以顺应工作性质的变革要求。

How and to what extent will the influence of job nature change affect higher education?The World Bank's“World Development Report in 2019:Job Nature Change”explores this issue extensively and profoundly.Based on this,this paper analyzes three major influences of job nature change on the development of higher education,namely,job nature change increases the social demand for advanced and diversified cognitive skills,lifelong learning and innovation platform,and increases the appeal of higher education.While analyzing its influence,this paper points out that the reform of higher education should conform to job nature change,reflect the qualities and abilities required by students future work,straighten out the relationship between general education and vocational education,and build a healthy innovation ecosystem.In addition,in view of the demands brought by technology on workers to reshape the"adaptive"ability of skills in response to changing labor market demands,higher education should examine the educational concept of sustainable development and make reforms in personnel training objectives,subject design and other aspects to meet the changing requirements of job nature.