突发重大疫情背景下公共卫生伦理原则在临床诊疗中的应用

Public Health Ethics and Clinical Practice in the Context of Response to the Outbreak of an Infectious Disease

公共卫生的宗旨是组织全体社会成员共同努力预防和控制疾病、促进健康。医务工作者和医疗机构是公共卫生系统不可或缺的重要组成部分,了解公共卫生伦理学的概念和原则,有助于改进医疗决策、提升医疗质量。医务工作者的临床实践既要符合临床伦理学原则,又要兼顾公共卫生伦理学原则,尤其在突发重大疫情背景下,公共卫生伦理学在临床诊疗和医疗资源分配中的意义更为突出。本文从实践出发,分析公共卫生伦理学与临床伦理学的区别与联系,并探讨临床医务工作者在应对突发重大传染病疫情时可能面临的公共卫生伦理应用场景.

Public health focuses on collective actions to address the health needs of populations.Public health ethics helps to guide the practice of public health with ethical principles and norms.As healthcare pro-viders,medical workers and healthcare facilities are integral parts of the public health system.Daily clinical practice involves principles of not only clinical medical ethics but also public health ethics.In the context of combating the outbreak of an infectious disease,public health ethics plays a significant role in clinical practice.We briefly overview the definition and principles of public health ethics,and introduce three substantive ethical questions that are central to public health and may be encountered in clinical practice.