西方主要国家退籍制度研究

Study on Systems of Loss of Nationality of Major Western Countries

2018年,中共中央印发《深化党和国家机构改革方案》,组建国家移民管理局,赋予其国籍管理职责。作为我国国籍管理的主要依据,《中华人民共和国国籍法》诞生于20世纪80年代,已无法适应当前国籍管理新形势。近年来,随着我国移民数量的激增,变更国籍现象已十分普遍。我国退籍制度存在的问题也逐渐凸显,亟待研究解决。西方主要国家的退籍制度为我们提供了有益参考。提出在我国国籍法确立的单一国籍原则基础上,增加退籍条件,完善退籍程序,明确退籍效力,保障未成年人权益等启示。

Pursuant to The Plan on Deepening Reform of Party and State Institutions released by the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,the National Immigration Administration was set up in 2018 to enhance the management of immigration affairs.The 1980s Nationality Law that used to be the major reference of nationality management was not able to adapt to emerging circumstances.It is not uncommon to see changes of nationality in recent years as the number of emigrants from China surges.Problems of Chinese system of loss of nationality have become increasingly acute,which requires immediate solutions.Systems of loss of nationality of major western countries can provide useful references for us.Following the principle of“Single Nationality”established by the currently effective Nationality Law,China shall further enhance its system of loss of nationality with Chinese characteristics and drive the modernization of its nationality management through adding requirements of loss of nationality,developing relevant procedures and reinforcing the effectiveness of loss of nationality.