氧气雾化与超声雾化在肺结核患者长期输液中的临床应用研究

Clinical application of oxygen atomization and ultrasonic atomization in long-term infusion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

目的探讨氧气雾化与超声雾化在肺结核患者长期输液中的临床应用效果。方法150例长期输液的肺结核患者,随机分为氧气雾化组(氧气组)与超声雾化组(超声组),各75例。两组患者均给予规范抗结核治疗,且应用包含异烟肼、阿米卡星等相同雾化液进行雾化辅助治疗。氧气组患者给予氧气雾化吸入,超声组患者给予超声雾化吸入。对比两组患者雾化期间心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、排痰量、排痰次数、刺激性咳嗽次数及治疗效果。结果雾化吸入5 min后,两组患者HR、RR均较雾化前升高,SpO2降低,且氧气组HR(120.7±12.8)次/min、RR(30.2±2.6)次/min、SpO2(0.87±0.04)均优于超声组的(130.3±12.4)次/min、(33.4±3.7)次/min、(0.82±0.03),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);雾化完成后,氧气组HR(105.1±7.5)次/min、RR(26.7±2.4)次/min、SpO2(0.93±0.03)均优于超声组的(114.2±8.6)次/min、(29.3±2.4)次/min、(0.84±0.04),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氧气组患者平均排痰量(40.2±6.5)ml、排痰次数(4.3±2.2)次及刺激性咳嗽次数(6.1±1.8)次均少于超声组的(68.8±9.8)ml、(9.6±3.8)次、(12.2±4.3)次,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。氧气组总有效率96.0%高于超声组的86.7%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论长期输液肺结核患者应用氧气雾化安全、舒适、有效,对比超声雾化方式,可减轻患者雾化吸入时气道反应性,减少痰液及呼吸道刺激,保证患者机体氧分压含量,提高雾化治疗效果。

Objective To discuss the clinical effect of oxygen atomization and ultrasonic atomization in long-term infusion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods A total of 150 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with long-term infusion were randomly divided into oxygen atomization group(oxygen group)and ultrasonic atomization group(ultrasonic group),with 75 cases in each group.Both groups were given standardized anti-tuberculosis treatment,and the same nebulized liquid containing isoniazid and amikacin for nebulized adjuvant therapy.Patients in the oxygen group received oxygen atomized inhalation,and patients in the ultrasonic group received ultrasonic atomized inhalation.The heart rate(HR),respiratory rate(RR),blood oxygen saturation(SpO2)during nebulization,expectoration volume,number of expectoration,number of irritating coughs,and treatment effects were compared between the two groups.Results 5 min after nebulization,HR and RR of the two groups were higher than those before nebulization,and SpO2 was lower than those before nebulization.HR(120.7±12.8)beats/min,RR(30.2±2.6)beats/min and SpO2(0.87±0.04)of oxygen group were better than(130.3±12.4)beats/min,(33.4±3.7)beats/min and(0.82±0.03)of ultrasonic group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After nebulization,HR(105.1±7.5)beats/min,RR(26.7±2.4)beats/min and SpO2(0.93±0.03)of oxygen group were better than(114.2±8.6)beats/min,(29.3±2.4)beats/min and(0.84±0.04)of ultrasonic group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average expectoration volume(40.2±6.5)ml,number of expectoration(4.3±2.2)times,number of irritating coughs(6.1±1.8)times of oxygen group were less than(68.8±9.8)ml,(9.6±3.8)times and(12.2±4.3)times of ultrasonic group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate 96.0%of oxygen group was higher than 86.7%of ultrasonic group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Oxygen atomization is safe,comfortable and effective for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with long-term infusion.Compared with ultrasonic atomization,it can reduce airway responsiveness,expectoration volume and respiratory tract irritation,ensure the oxygen partial pressure content of patients and improve the effect of nebulization.