人口较少民族手工艺传承人口述史研究——以赫哲族鱼皮制作技艺传承人尤文凤为例

Research on Oral History of Handicrafts Inheritor of Minority Nationalities:Take YOU Wen-feng,the Inheritor of Hezhe Nationality Fish Skin Making Technology as an Example

鱼皮制作技艺是赫哲族在长期的渔猎生产与生活实践中创造的具有东北边疆地域文化特色的传统手工艺。鱼皮制作技艺的传承,核心在于传承人,文章以国家级非物质文化遗产赫哲族鱼皮制作技艺代表性传承人尤文凤为案例,并结合其鱼皮制作个人生活史的叙事,对鱼皮制作技艺传承中守成与创新、传承环境变迁、生计问题进行了深入剖析,以及从彰显赫哲族鱼皮制作技艺特色,发展图案艺术,促进鱼皮艺术生活化等方面做了深入思考。窥一斑而知全豹,尤文凤的案例是中国边疆地区尤其是人口较少民族优秀传统文化保护与传承的一个缩影。

The technique of fishskin making is a traditional handicraft created by Hezhe nationality in the long-term fishing and hunting production and life practice,which has the characteristics of the regional culture of the northeast China frontier.The core of the technique is inheritors.Takes YOU Wen-feng,a representative inheritor of the technique of fishskin making of Hezhe nationality,as an example,and combines the narration of her personal life history to make fishskin In this paper,the problems of keeping and innovation,environmental changes and livelihood in the inheritance of skin production technology are analyzed in depth,and in-depth thinking is made from the aspects of highlighting the characteristics of Hezhe's fishskin production technology,developing pattern art and promoting the life of fishskin art.