摘要
我国目前对商业秘密采取以《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》为核心的分散型、寄生性立法。严格商业秘密保护,营造良好营商环境,是新时代商业秘密立法的变革方向,而变革路径有两条:一是旧法维新,即修改商业秘密保护主要法律《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》;二是新法革命,即制定专门的商业秘密法。立法机关目前走的是旧法维新道路,其最新产物是《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》 2019年修正案。该修正案加强了商业秘密的法律保护力度,具有积极意义;但该修正案的若干内容,特别是非经营者拟制为商业秘密侵权主体和增加商业秘密侵权之惩罚性赔偿,对反不正当竞争法的制度理论及其与知识产权法之间的分工机制造成了严重冲击。商业秘密的旧法维新不能否定新法革命,反而本次修法的不当之处会进一步确证商业秘密专门立法之必要。强化商业秘密保护的根本在于法益性质的转变,即商业秘密应从竞争法上的一种寄生性利益转变为一项独立的知识产权基本权利;相应地,商业秘密立法应从《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》走向商业秘密法。
the old system of trade secret legislation is decentralized and parasitic legislation with the Unfair Compe⁃tition Law as the core.Today the strict protection and the good business environment are the direction of trade secret legislation,and there are two choices,namely the old law’s reform or the new law’s revolution.The new law’s revolution,the independent legislation of trade secrets,has long been called for,but the legislature is now on the road of the old law’s reform,and the 2019 amendment of the Unfair Competition Law is its product.The 2019 amendment strengthens the legal protection of trade secrets,which is of positive significance.However,some con⁃tents of the amendment,such as making non-business subject infringers,increasing the punitive compensation for in⁃fringement,have an adverse impact on the system theory of Unfair Competition Law and the division mechanism be⁃tween Intellectual Property Law and Unfair Competition Law.These improper legal reforms of the amendment cannot replace the new law’s revolution,but will further confirm the necessity of the independent legislation of trade se⁃crets.The essence of strengthening the protection of trade secrets lies in the change of the nature of legal interests,which is trade secrets should be transformed from a parasitic interest in the competition law into a basic one of intel⁃lectual property rights;accordingly,the legislation of trade secrets should be transformed from the Unfair Competi⁃tion law to the Trade Secrets Law.
出处
《南海法学》
2020年第3期14-26,共13页
The South China Sea Law Journal
基金
高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划)“新时代科技革命与知识产权学科创新”(B18058)
中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号:202011501)。
