北京地区女性颞下颌关节病症状及耳症问卷调查

Questionnaire survey of temporomandibular disorders and ear symptoms in female in Beijing

目的调查北京地区女性人群中颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)症状及耳部症状发生情况,并探讨TMD症状与耳部症状的关系。方法 2017年7月15日至2018年6月7日通过网络渠道发布问卷调查北京地区女性人群737人。根据有无TMD症状、有无耳部症状进行分组,分析患TMD症状组和未患TMD症状组中耳部症状发生率、患耳部症状组和未患耳部症状组中TMD症状发生率的差异。结果患TMD症状者225例,发生率30.53%;最常见的TMD症状为颞下颌关节弹响,为185例,发生率25.10%;颞下颌关节区疼痛,张口受限,咀嚼肌肌痛发生率分别为6.78%(50/737),6.38%(47/737),8.14%(60/737)。患耳部症状者231例,发生率31.34%;最常见的耳部症状为耳鸣及眩晕,发生率分别为17.23%(127/737)及16.82%(124/737);听力损失,耳痛,耳部肌肉不适发生率分别为2.31%(17/737),7.33%(54/73),4.88%(36/737)。卡方检验显示在患TMD症状组和未患TMD症状组中各项耳部症状发生率前者高于后者,在患耳部症状组和未患耳部症状组中各项TMD症状发生率前者高于后者。结论颞下颌关节病的症状与耳症密切相关,联合治疗TMD为难治愈耳症患者提供新的思路。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders(TMD)and ear symptoms in female population,and discuss the relationship between temporomandibular disorders and ear symptoms.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted through online channels in 737 females in Beijing.The data were analyzed based on the prevalence of ear symptoms between the TMD symptoms group and non-TMD symptoms group and the prevalence of temporomandibular symptoms between ear symptoms group and non-ear symptoms group.Results The most common symptom was clicking of joint,with a prevalence of 25.10%(185/737).The prevalence of joint pain,masticatory muscles myalgia,and limitation of mouth opening was respectively 6.78%(50/737),6.38%(47/737),8.14%(60/737).31.34%(231/737)had ear symptoms,and the most common symptoms were tinnitus 17.23%(127/737)and vertigo16.82%(124).The prevalence of hearing loss,ear pain,ear muscle discomfort was respectively 2.31%(17/737),7.33%(54/737).The prevalence of ear symptoms in the TMD symptoms group was higher than that in the non-TMD symptoms group,and the prevalence of TMD symptoms in the ear symptoms group was higher than that in the non-ear symptoms group.Conclusions The temporomandibular disorder is closely related to ear symptoms.Combined treatment of TMD provides a new way for patients with otopathy.