基于混合现实平台的建筑类“自主学习”实验教法初探

Exploration on Experimental Teaching Method of“Autonomous Learning”in Architecture Based on Mixed Reality Platform

随着建筑行业的不断发展,建筑类专业的传统"传授型"教法,很难在有限的课内学时中,覆盖不断扩张的跨专业知识群。因此,衡量教学效果的指标不再是知识点的掌握数量,而是学生运用知识解决综合性专业问题的能力提升程度。虽然"自主学习"教法在其他专业教学中被证明行之有效,但由于建筑类实验教学具有以"形式"为载体的特点,而目前又缺乏相应的教学平台支撑,所以至今尚未能在此有效开展。此研究即从一个基于混合现实技术的开放型实验教学平台研发入手,以高层高密度居住建筑群的布局实验教学为例,介绍了"自主学习七环节教法"。教学结果表明,学生能够被设计任务所驱动,充分利用教师准备的各种学习资源,在课外碎片化时间内进行自主学习探索,通过反复实验,将一系列知识内化为一种关于布局的专业能力,最终还通过课内讨论实现了学习效果的最大化。

With the continuous development of the architectural industry,it becomes difficult for the traditional teaching method to cover all the growing knowledge in class within limited time-capacity.Thus,the real gains of the ability to solve synthetic problems come to the stage instead of the amount of the knowledge taught in class as far as the teaching evaluation is concerned.Due to the lack of supporting platforms,the autonomic learning pedagogy can’t be fully applied in architectural discipline,though it is proved to be effective in other disciplines.This research starts with the research and development of an open experimental teaching platform based on mixed reality technology,takes the layout of high-rise high-density residential buildings as an example,and introduces the“seven-step teaching method of autonomous learning”.The teaching results show that students can be driven by the design task,make full use of the various learning resources prepared by the teacher,conduct independent learning and exploration in the fragmented time after class,and internalize a series of knowledge into professional layout ability through repeated experiments,and finally achieves the maximum learning effect through in-class discussion.