“西方”如何作为方法——反思当代西方文论的知识论维度与方法论立场

How to Use“the West”as a Method——On the Epistemological Dimension and Methodological Position of Rethinking Contemporary Western Literary Theory

当代西方文论诞生在20世纪以来西方社会复杂的历史文化语境之中,当代西方文论反思研究首先应该基于历史文化语境的知识论维度的考察,即考察当代西方文论在知识话语层面上的特性,其次要深入到方法论层面上,辨析当代西方文论旅行的有效性及其弊端。在当代西方文论反思研究中,探究“西方”如何作为方法问题既是理论反思研究的目标,也是中国文论话语建构的核心问题。当我们建立起有效的反思研究的方法与路径的时候,理论话语的反思研究就是一种积极的建设性策略,这种策略的意义体现在有效把握中西文论研究的不同语境以及理论范式上的特征,从而起到跨越中西文论阐释间隔及其理论模式间的理解应用差异的作用。中国文论建构需要在“作为‘方法’的西方”与“‘西方’作为方法”所提供的路径上,在参照借鉴的过程中走向理论建构和体系建设,最终锤炼出中国文论建构的学理问题及其解决之道。

Contemporary western literary theory was born in the complex historical and cultural context of western society since the 20th century,and rethinking Contemporary Western Lterary Theory is the first,we should investigate the epistemological dimension based on the historical and cultural context,that is,to investigate the characteristics of contemporary western literary theory on the level of knowledge discourse,Secondly,we should from the perspective of methodology,analyze the effectiveness and disadvantages of contemporary western literary theory travel.In the study of rethinking contemporary western literary Theory,the study of“How to use‘the west’as a method”is not only the goal of theoretical reflection,but also the core issue of discourse construction in Chinese literary theory.The construction of Chinese literary theory needs to be based on the methods and paths provided by“the West as a method”and“the West as a method”,in the process of rethinking,we will go to the theoretical construction and system construction,and finally temper the theoretical problems and solutions of the construction of Chinese literary theory.