风药在支气管哮喘治疗中的应用

Application of Wind Medicine in the Treatment of Bronchial Asthma

支气管哮喘的病因病机总属邪实与本虚,可分为发作期和缓解期,发作期以"邪实"为主,其主要病理因素包括风邪、痰浊、气滞、瘀血;缓解期以"本虚"为主,临床上以肺脾气虚型和肺肾两虚型较为多见。风药是一类历史悠久、作用广泛的药物,在支气管哮喘的治疗中有多种应用,临证运用风药之际,风邪伏肺,以风药散之;痰湿蕴肺,以风药除之;肝郁气滞,以风药行之;瘀血内阻,以风药通之;肺脾气虚,以风药升之;肺肾两虚,以风药补之。本文以支气管哮喘的病因病机为切入点,探讨风药在不同的中医证候中所发挥的作用,从而阐述风药治疗哮喘的理论基础。

The etiology and pathogenesis of bronchial asthma are generally evil reality and essence deficiency,which can be divided into the onset period and the remission period.During the onset period,"evil reality"is the main factor and its main pathological factors include wind evil,phlegm,qi stagnation and blood stasis.The remission period is dominated by"essence deficiency".Clinically,lung-spleen qi deficiency and lung-kidney deficiency are more common.Wind medicine has a long history and a wide range of effects.It has many applications in the treatment of bronchial asthma.On the occasion of clinical application of wind medicine,wind evil disturbs lung,scattered with wind medicine;phlegm and dampness contained lung,removed with wind medicine;liver depression and qi stagnation,passed with wind medicine;blood stasis internal resistance,through by wind medicine;qi deficiency of lung and spleen,ascended by wind medicine;deficiency of lung and kidney,supplemented by wind medicine.This paper takes the etiology and pathogenesis of asthma as an entry point to discuss the role of wind medicine in different TCM syndromes and thus expounds the theoretical basis of wind medicine in treating bronchial asthma.