老年糖尿病性骨质疏松症的危险因素调查及其防控护理

Investigation of the risk factors of elderly diabetes mellitus osteoporosis and its prevention and control nursing

目的探讨老年糖尿病(DM)患者并发骨质疏松症(OP)的危险因素,并制定针对性干预措施。方法选择2017年1月至2019年5月在医院内分泌科治疗的老年糖尿病患者102例作为研究对象,采用双能X线法测定患者骨密度(BMD),根据BMD值,将纳入患者分为骨质疏松组(OP组)和非骨质疏松组(NOP组)。详细记录患者的统计学资料,采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响老年DM患者并发OP的危险因素。结果纳入的102例老年DM患者中,有44例并发OP,发生率为43.14%,经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、病程、BMI、血糖控制情况为影响老年DM患者并发OP的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论老年DM患者OP发生率较高,且影响因素较多,尤其是高龄、女性、病程长、BMI<24 kg/m 2及血糖控制不佳的高危人群,应针对性做好防治护理,以降低OP的发生风险。

Objective To explore the risk factors of osteoporosis(OP)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM),and develop targeted intervention measures.Methods A total of 102 elderly DM patients who were treated in the endocrinology department of the hospital from January 2017 to May 2019 were selected as the study objects.The bone mineral density(BMD)of the patients was measured by dual-energy X-ray method.According to the BMD value,the included patients were divided into an osteoporosis group(OP group)and a non-osteoporosis group(NOP group).The statistical data of the patients were recorded in detail,and the single factor and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors that affected the elderly DM patients with OP.Results In the 102 elderly DM patients included,44 cases had OP,and the incidence was 43.14%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the gender,age,course of disease,BMI,and blood sugar control were the independent risk factors that affected elderly DM patients with OP(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of OP in elderly patients with DM was relatively high,and there were many influencing factors,especially the high-risk population with advanced age,female,long course of disease,BMI<24 kg/m 2 and poor blood sugar control,targeted prevention and care should be done to reduce the risk of OP.