试论中国共产党为什么“能”--以国共两党“二五减租”政策实施情况为例

Why the CPC Can--Take the KMT and the CPC’s Implementation of“A Quarter Reduction of Land Rent”Policy as an Example

“二五减租”作为革命时期的一项土地政策,国共双方都曾推动实施过。在国民党方面,囿于其代表大地主大资产阶级利益的立场和改良主义的态度,“二五减租”最终难以发挥应有作用,最终形同空文。共产党实施“二五减租”的成效却十分显著,特别是抗日战争时期为巩固发展抗日民族统一战线而深入开展的以“二五减租”为主要内容的减租减息运动,不仅适当调节了根据地内的生产关系和阶级关系,一定程度上缓和了地主阶级和农民阶级的矛盾,有利于团结各个阶级、阶层一致抗日;而且改善了农民生活,促进了生产的发展,从物质上极大地支持了抗日战争的开展。比较国共两党关于“二五减租”政策的实施,可以发现,共产党之所以“能”,主要在于它彻底的革命性、强大的执行力和实事求是的工作方法。

As a land policy during the revolutionary period,“a quarter reduction of land rent”was promoted and implemented by both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China.As for the Kuomintang,due to its position of representing the interests of the big landlords and the big bourgeoisie and its reformist attitude,the policy could not play its due role and finally became nothing but empty words.The CPC’s implementation of the“land rent reduction”policy reached a quite significant effect.Especially,the land rent&loan interest reduction movement,the main content of which was a quarter reduction of land rent,as carried out for the purpose of consolidating the anti-Japanese national united front during the Anti-Japanese War,appropriately adjusted the production relations and class relations in the revolutionary base area,and eased the contradiction between the landlord class and the peasant class to a certain extent,being helpful for unifying all classes and social stratums to fight against the Japanese.In addition,the movement improved the life of peasants,promoted the development of production,and provided great material support for the Anti-Japanese War.By comparing the KMT and CPC’s implementation of“a quarter reduction of land rent”,we can find that the“capability”of the CPC mainly lies in its thorough revolution,strong execution,and realistic working methods.