植物类胡萝卜素和花青苷代谢响应光信号的转录调控机制

Transcription regulation of plant carotenoids and anthocyanin metabolism in response to light signals

类胡萝卜素和花青苷是抗氧化代谢物,对于植物抵抗光氧化胁迫有重要作用。类胡萝卜素和花青苷同时赋予叶片、花朵和果实丰富多彩的色泽,果实富含的色泽代谢物对人体健康有益。本文总结了光信号对植物类胡萝卜素和花青苷生物合成代谢途径的影响,重点归纳了参与光信号途径的重要转录因子对类胡萝卜素和花青苷合成基因的调控机制,明晰了转录调控在光信号调控类胡萝卜素和花青苷合成代谢中的重要作用,有助于探索光调控果实品质的有效途径和靶基因,为利用基因工程和环境调控增加类胡萝卜素和花青素的积累提供理论依据。

Carotenoids and anthocyanins are antioxidant metabolites,which play an important role in the resistance of plants to photooxidative stress and contribute to the color of leaves,flowers,and fruits at the same time.The rich color metabolites of fruits are beneficial to human health.This article summarizes the effects of light signals on the biosynthetic metabolic pathways of plant carotenoids and anthocyanins,focusing on the regulatory mechanisms of important transcription factors involved in the light signal pathways of genes for synthesizing carotenoid and anthocyanin,and clarifies a significant role for light signals and photoreceptors in mediating the regulation of carotenoids and anthocyanins biosynthesis.Using sweet orange(Citrus sinensis)as an example,the light response elements of carotenoid and anthocyanin biosynthetic genes were analyzed.The major transcription factors including HY5(elongated hypocotyl 5),BBXs(B-BOX containing proteins),COP1(constitutively photomorphogenic 1),PIFs(phytochrome-interacting factors),and HY5-BBXs complexes,HY5-PIFs complexes,HY5-PIFs-BBXs complexes,HY5-COP1-BBXs complexes that participate in these pathways are summarized.It provides an insight into the regulatory mechanism underlying of HY5,BBXs,COP1,PIFs-mediated carotenoids and anthocyanins accumulation.Understanding the crucial role of the transcription regulation of carotenoid and anthocyanin mediated by light may help us to explore effective pathways and target genes for improving fruit quality and increasing the accumulation of carotenoid and anthocyanin via genetic engineering and environmental treatments.