磷减量配施锌肥对琯溪蜜柚果实产量和品质的影响

Effects of phosphorus reduction combined with zinc foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of Guanxi pomelo fruit

为探究磷肥减量施用以及配施锌肥对平和县琯溪蜜柚果实产量和品质的影响,以平和地区白肉琯溪蜜柚为试验材料,试验设置6个处理:磷减量70%不施锌肥、磷减量70%施锌肥、磷减量35%不施锌肥、磷减量35%施锌肥、磷习惯用量不施锌肥、磷习惯用量施锌肥。结果表明:磷肥减量可提高果实产量和改善果实品质,磷肥减量35%时果实产量显著升高,且能显著降低单果质量、果皮厚,增加维生素C、固酸比等指标;磷肥减量35%配施锌肥可显著提高果实产量、综合品质得分、果实出汁率、含水率和维生素C含量。田间试验结果显示,平和琯溪蜜柚园磷肥可减量35%,磷肥减量35%配施锌肥具有显著增产和提升果实品质的效果,即磷肥(P 2O 5)0.85 kg/(plant·a)、2次喷施0.2%锌肥(ZnSO 4·7H 2O)40 g/(plant·a)。

Six treatments including 70%reduction in phosphorus combined without zinc fertilizer,70%reduction in phosphorus combined with zinc fertilizer,35%reduction in phosphorus combined without zinc fertilizer,35%reduction in phosphorus combined with zinc fertilizer,the habitual amount of phosphorus combined without zinc fertilizer,the habitual amount of phosphorus combined with zinc fertilizer were set up in the white flesh Guanxi pomelo in Pinghe area to investigate the effects of phosphorus reduction combined with zinc foliar fertilizer on the yield and quality of Guanxi pomelo fruit in Pinghe County.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potash fertilizers were orderly applied at the period of flowering(mid-March),steady fruiting(mid-May),filling fruiting(late July or early August)and wintering(late November).Foliar zinc fertilizer sprayed during the period of flowering(mid-March)and filling fruiting(late July or early August).Results showed that reducing the amount of phosphate fertilizer increased fruit yield and improved fruit quality.When phosphate fertilizer is reduced by 35%,the fruit yield is increased significantly,and the weight of single fruit and thick skin is significantly reduced.The content of vitamin C,solid-acid ratio and other indicators are increased.35%reduction in phosphorus combined with zinc fertilizer significantly increased fruit yield,comprehensive quality score,fruit juice rate,water content and vitamin C content.Results of field test showed that phosphate fertilizer can be reduced by 35%in Pinghe Guanxi pomelo orchard.Phosphate fertilizer reduction by 35%combined with zinc fertilizer can significantly increase fruit yield and improve fruit quality.The fertilization rate recommended is phosphate fertilizer(P 2O 5)0.85 kg/(plant·a),two sprays of 0.2%zinc fertilizer(ZnSO 4·7H 2O)40 g/(plant·a).