新型全氟和多氟烷醚类化合物的环境分布与毒性研究进展

Research Progress in Environmental Distribution and Toxicity of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Substances

全氟和多氟烷基化合物(PFASs)是一类应用广泛的有机物,传统PFASs的代表性化合物包括全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)等。PFOS和PFOA因环境持久性、生物累积性和多种潜在毒性已被《斯德哥尔摩国际公约》列入禁用和限用名录,从而催生了全氟和多氟烷醚类化合物(PFPEs)等替代品的研发应用。近年来,多种PFPEs替代品在人体及饮用水中被频繁检出,引起环境科学界对其安全性的关注。笔者综述了PFPEs的主要类型、环境介质分布和生物毒性等的最新研究进展,并展望了其安全性研究中有待解决的问题。

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are widely used organic compounds.Representative legacy PFASs include perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA).Due to its persistence,bioaccumulation potential,and potential toxic effects,PFOS and PFOA usage is banned or restricted by the Stockholm International Convention.This has led to the invention and application of PFAS alternatives,such as perfluoroether carboxylic and sulfonic acids(PFECAs and PFESAs).In recent years,a variety of PFECAs and PFESAs have been frequently detected in human serum and drinking water.The safety of PFECAs and PFESAs has been of increasing environmental concern.In this paper,we summarized research progress on main types of PFECAs and PFESAs,including their environmental matrix distribution and toxicity studies on laboratory animals.We also issued perspective views on the research of PFAS alternatives.