沈阳新型农村合作医疗住院患者疾病谱分析

Disease spectrum analysis of inpatients of the new rural cooperative medical system in Shenyang

目的探讨沈阳市新农合住院人群疾病谱特点,为制订农村人口疾病预防和控制策略提供科学依据。方法利用沈阳市2018年1月1日~2019年12月31日参加新型农村合作医疗(以下简称新农合)的参合人员基本信息及在此期间的住院相关数据计算农村居民住院率,分析不同年龄和性别人群的住院疾病谱。结果研究期间该市农村居民住院率为14.3‰,标化住院率为11.6‰,女性住院率高于男性;>59岁老年人和0~4岁儿童住院率高于其他年龄组人群(P<0.01);影响农村居民健康的前4位系统疾病分别是循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病和消化系统疾病,占总住院的66.8%;不同年龄组、性别农村居民疾病谱不尽相同。结论沈阳农村居民住院卫生服务利用率较低,循环系统、肿瘤、呼吸系统和消化系统疾病是威胁本地农村居民健康最主要的疾病。依据不同人群的疾病住院谱开展精准防治,重点关注肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病的防控,合理调整医疗卫生资源,促进农村人口健康。

Objective To explore the characteristics of disease spectrum of inpatients of new rural cooperative medical system(NRCMS)in Shenyang,and to provide scientific basis for formulating disease prevention and control strategies of rural population.Methods Based on the basic information of the participants of the NRCMS in Shenyang from January 1,2018 to December 31,2019,and the hospitalization related data during this period,the hospitalization rate of rural residents was calculated,and the hospitalization disease spectrum of different age and gender groups was analyzed.Results The hospitalization rate of rural residents was 14.3‰,and the standardized hospitalization rate was 11.6‰.The hospitalization rate of women was higher than that of men.The hospitalization rate of the elderly over 59 years old and children 0-4 years old were higher than that of other age groups(P<0.01).The top 4 system diseases affecting the health of rural residents were circulatory system diseases,tumors,respiratory system diseases and digestive system diseases,accounting for 66.8%of the total inpatients.The disease spectrum was different for different age groups,gender and districts.Conclusion The utilization rate of inpatient health services of rural residents in Shenyang is lower.The diseases of circulatory system,tumor,respiratory system and digestive system are the main diseases threatening the health of local rural residents.According to the disease hospitalization spectrum of different groups,targeted prevention and control measures should be carried out,the prevention and control of tumors,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and respiratory diseases should be focused,medical and health resources should be reasonably adjusted to promote the health of rural population.