贺兰山东麓典型区域酿酒葡萄成熟度监测及品质比较

Maturity Monitoring and Quality Comparison of Wine Grapes in the Typical Area of Eastern Foothills of Helan Mountain

本文对贺兰山东麓7个典型区“赤霞珠”和“美乐”两种酿酒葡萄立地土壤的理化性质,物候期,转色后果实成熟进程,葡萄果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、还原糖、糖酸比等变化规律进行了探究。结果表明:土壤结构组成是影响葡萄物候期的主要因素,在风沙土中葡萄成熟最早,其次是粗骨灰钙土、淡灰钙土,在灌於土成熟最晚。果实的可溶性固形物、还原糖、糖酸比变化呈先快速上升,再缓慢上升,再到趋于稳定的“S”型变化趋势;可滴定酸呈先快速下降,再缓慢下降,再到趋于稳定的“S”型变化趋势。枸杞研究所基地和玉泉营南大滩基地的酿酒葡萄糖酸比适中,但葡萄品质相对于其他地方较差;立兰基地、观兰基地和金沙林场巴格斯基地葡萄品质居中;青铜峡御马基地和美誉基地的糖酸比适中,葡萄品质最优。

In this paper,the physical and chemical properties of the soils of the"Chixiazhu"and"Meile"wine grape sites in 7 typical areas in the eastern foothills of Helan Mountain were tested and analyzed,the phenological period was investigated and analyzed,and the fruit ripening process was monitored after color conversion.The study of the soluble solids,titratable acids,reducing sugars,sugar-acid ratios and other change rules showed that the soil structure and composition were the main factors affecting the phenology of grapes.The earliest maturity was sandy soil,followed by coarse ash soil and light Limestone soil was irrigated in soil at the latest.The soluble solids of the fruit,reducing sugars,sugar-acid ratio changes were all a process of rapid rise to slow rise,and then to a stable S-shaped change process,the titratable acid was a rapid decline first to a slow decline,and then to tend to stable S-shaped change.The wolfberry research institute base and Yuquanying Nandatan base have moderate sugar and acid,but other quality indicators are relatively low.Lilan base,Guanlan base and Bagesi base of Jinsha forest farm are in the middle.Yuma base and Meiyu base in Qingtongxia City have moderate sugar and acid,and the quality is the best.