密西西比河流域水质协同治理及对长江流域治理的启示

Water Quality Cooperative Management in Mississippi River Basin and Its Enlightenment to the Yangtze River Basin

我国的长江与美国的密西西比河在长度、年径流量、流域面积方面都有一定的可比性。密西西比河沿岸主要州已经成立了密西西比上游流域协会、下游保护委员会等协同治理机构,美国环境保护署、陆军工程兵团、农业部等联邦政府部门也积极参与了流域治理合作,严格执行《清洁水法》等法案,重视环保立法和执法,强化环境保护署的协调职能,实施统一领导,签署州际协同治理协议,加强州际协作。以密西西比河为借鉴,建议我国设立长江流域水资源保护与管理委员会,签署覆盖长江流域的省际协同治理协议,鼓励长江流域支流流经地区成立区际合作组织,吸收研究机构、非政府组织、媒体等参与水质协同治理。

There are some similarities between the Yangtze River in China and the Mississippi River in the United States in terms of length,annual runoff and basin area.The major states along the Mississippi River have established the Mississippi upstream basin Association,the downstream protection committee and other collaborative governance agencies.The U.S.Army Corps of engineers,the U.S.Department of agriculture and other federal government departments have also actively participated in the basin governance cooperation.They strictly implemented the clean water act and other bills,attached importance to environmental protection legislation and law enforcement,and strengthened the coordination role of the environmental protection agency.It is suggested that the Yangtze River Basin Water Resources Protection and Management Committee should be set up,inter-provincial cooperative governance agreements covering the Yangtze River Basin should be signed,and inter-regional cooperative organizations should be established to encourage the tributaries of the Yangtze River Basin to participate in water quality cooperative governance by absorbing research institutions,non-governmental organizations and media.