跨境数据流动:数字经济下的全球博弈与中国选择

Cross-Border Data Flow:Global Game and China's Choice in the Digital Economy

随着信息和技术革命的推进,数字经济已经成为全球经济发展的新要求和新趋势,跨境电商、数字贸易等数字经济在全球范围内加速发展,经济贸易全球化推动了数据在不同国家之间交互、流动。跨境数据流动治理对发展数字经济、维护国家安全、构建数字红利收入分配体系至关重要。全球各国对跨境数据流动的规制反映了其国际博弈的战略:美欧等发达经济体希望促进数据自由流动;而发展中国家则采取"本土化"防御方式,抵御数据领域的长臂管辖。我国选择了适应当前数字经济发展形势的"本土化"政策,但也面临对外和对内等多重挑战。建议在总体的监管路径选择上,合理兼顾审慎性和包容性;完善跨境数据流动制度体系,保障立法的全面性和灵活性;构建跨境数据流动治理的统一监管架构,提升治理体系的统筹性和协同性;完善跨境数据流动安全评估体系,平衡金融市场的开放性和安全性。

With the advancement of the information and technological revolution,the digital economy has be⁃come a new requirement and new trend in the development of the global economy.The digital economy,such as cross-border e-commerce and digital trade,is developing rapidly on a global scale.The globalization of economy and trade has promoted the interaction and flow of data between different countries.Governance of cross-border da⁃ta flow is essential for developing the digital economy,maintaining national security,and building a digital dividend income distribution system.The regulation of cross-border data flow by countries around the world reflects their in⁃ternational game strategy:developed economies such as the United States and Europe hope to promote the free flow of data;while developing countries adapt"localized"defense methods to resist long-arm jurisdiction in the data field.China has chosen a"localization"policy that adapts to the current digital economy development situation,but it also faces multiple challenges,both external and internal.It is recommended that in the selection of the overall su⁃pervision path,reasonable consideration should be given to prudence and inclusiveness.We should improve the sys⁃tem of cross-border data flow to ensure the comprehensiveness and flexibility of legislation,build a unified supervi⁃sion structure for the governance of cross-border data flow,improve the coordination of the governance system Integ⁃rity and synergy,and improve the cross-border data flow security assessment system to balance the openness and se⁃curity of the financial market.