基于网络问答社区的疫苗情绪语义网络分析

Semantic Network Analysis of Vaccine Sentiment Based on Online Q&A Community

研究网络问答社区用户对于疫苗的情绪语义表达,了解其对待疫苗的态度,可以为我国相关部门制定疫苗政策提供参考依据。选取国内大型网络问答平台“知乎”中疫苗社区的问答数据,通过内容分析法从疫苗情绪、疫苗类型、目标人群和信息来源四个方面讨论问答内容特征;构建疫苗情绪语义网络,分析疫苗情绪网络特征和核心概念,了解不同情绪网络下的主题差异。研究表明,社交媒体是获取疫苗信息的主要来源,青年及以上的人群在是否选择接种二类疫苗的问题上存在较多争议;与积极情绪和中性情绪网络相比,消极情绪网络中概念之间联系较少,网络较为稀疏,且概念往往不是关注疫苗接种科学本身,而是包含很多对疫苗事件、政府、机构等消极情绪词和信任相关词;关于疫苗接种后的不良反应和副作用、对疫苗制药企业不信任、政府监管部门失职、不良疫苗事件影响和相关媒体报道的失信失实,是公众产生负面情绪,影响疫苗决策,造成疫苗犹豫现象的主要原因。

The research on the semantic expression of users’vaccine sentiment and attitudes in Q&A platform can provide suggestions for relevant departments to make vaccine policy in China.This paper selects data from the vaccine community of“Zhihu”,a large online Q&A platform in China,and discusses the characteristics of the Q&A content from four aspects:vaccine sentiment,vaccine type,target population and information source through content analysis.It constructs the semantic networks from different vaccine sentiments,analyzes the network characteristics and core concepts,and discovers the theme differences between different networks.Studies have shown that social media is the main source of vaccine information,and there are lots of debates among young people and older about whether to inoculate vaccines that are not free.Compared with positive sentiment network and neutral sentiment network,the semantic network of negative sentiment is sparser and has fewer connections between concepts.Moreover,the concepts are often not concerned with the vaccination itself.The network contains many negative sentiment words and trustrelated words such as vaccine scandal,government,institutions and so on.Adverse reactions and side effects after vaccination,distrust of vaccine pharmaceutical companies,dereliction of duty of government regulatory authorities,the impact of adverse vaccine events and the dishonesty of relevant media reports are the four main reasons for the public's negative sentiment,which affects their vaccine decisions and causes the vaccine hesitancy.