抒情场景的重构与抒情角色的重塑——论陆机《拟古诗》对“古诗”的改造

The Transformation of“Ancient Poetry”in Lu Ji's Imitations of Ancient Poetry by Reconstructing Lyric Scenes and Remolding Lyric Roles

陆机《拟古诗》对“古诗”的拟作并非亦步亦趋地学习属文或只是修辞上的踵事增华,而是有其改造“古诗”之“抒情表现”的深刻用心。陆机拟诗通过对景物和人物动作姿态的刻意强调和有步骤的铺写,对“古诗”固有抒情场景重新构设,拉开抒情距离,将抒情从以“人物感知”为中心转向以“情境营造”为中心;通过对抒情角色的重塑,将“古诗”类型化的人物转化为文人自我呈现的媒介,开启对“古诗”的托喻式解读。陆机拟诗正是在与“古诗”的文本对话中凸显了魏晋时代五言诗抒情范式的转化。

Lu Ji's Imitations of Ancient Poetry is not just an imitation or rhetorical improvement of“Ancient Poetry”,but a deep intention to transform the“lyric expression”of“Ancient Poetry”.Through the deliberate emphasis on the scene and the action and posture of the characters,Lu Ji reconstructed the lyric scene of“Ancient Poetry”,widened the lyric distance,and changed the lyric focus from“people perception”to“situation building”.At the same time,by remolding the lyric role,he transformed the characters of“Ancient Poetry”into the media of literati's self⁃presentation,and thus started the metonymic inter⁃pretation of“Ancient Poetry”.Lu Ji's Imitations of Ancient Poetry highlighted the transformation of the lyric paradigm of wuyan poetry in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.