数字孪生:内涵、挑战及应用

Digital Twin:Connotation,Challenge and Application

数字孪生是智能制造领域具有重要发展前景的新兴热点技术。在总结数字孪生现状的基础上,系统地界定数字孪生内涵与特征,凝练数字孪生研究和应用在信息领域面临的主要技术挑战:异构模型精确构建与融合、虚拟模型自主更新与可靠评估、多维数据一致感知和基于语义的互理解保证等。提出基于模型池滑动窗口的计算进化分离自主进化机制以应对虚拟模型自主更新挑战,并在滚动轴承故障诊断场景进行初步应用。

Digital twin is an emerging hotspot technology with important development prospects in the field of intelligent manufacturing.On the basis of summarizing the status quo of digital twin,we systematically clarify the connotation and characteristics of digital twins,condense the main technical challenges of digital twin research and application:precise construction and integration of multi-dimen⁃sional heterogeneous models,autonomic update and reasonable evolution of virtual models,consistent perception of multi-dimensional data and mutual understanding based on sematic assurance,etc.An autonomous evolution mechanism,characterized bymodel sliding window and the separation calculation model from evolution model,is proposed to deal with the challenge of autonomous updating of the virtual model,and applied in the fault diagnosis scenario of rolling bearings.