渭河平原高陵地区浅层地下水化学特征及演化规律研究

Hydrochemical characteristics and evolution laws of groundwater in Gaoling area of Weihe plain

本文以位于渭河平原的高陵地区为研究对象,于2015年对地下水进行取样分析,同时结合收集到的1990年区内水质资料,运用描述性统计法,对比研究了地下水化学特征及时空演化规律。结果表明:地下水化学类型在空间上变化较为复杂,但仍以重碳酸型为主,各类型分布范围也有明显的扩大或迁移趋势,原来的零散分布区域已经扩大为面积型的条带或片状区域;在时间上,Cl-、SO42-、HCO3-、硝酸盐含量及总硬度均有逐年增高趋势;区域地下水超采、长期施用化肥、灌区引水量减少等是影响地下水化学类型变化的主要因素。

Taking Gaoling area in Weihe plain as the research object.In 2015,groundwater was sampled and analyzed.At the same time,combined with the collected water quality data in 1990,descriptive statistical methods were used to comparatively study the groundwater hydrochemical characteristics and the law of spatial and temporal evolution.The results show that:The hydrochemical type of groundwater is more complex in space,but it is still dominated by bicarbonate type,and the distribution range of each type also has an obvious trend of expansion or migration.The original scattered distribution area has been expanded into area type strip or sheet area;In terms of time,the content of Cl-,SO42-,HCO3-,nitrate and total hardness are increasing year by year.Overexploitation of regional groundwater,long-term application of chemical fertilizer and reduction of water diversion in irrigation area are the main factors affecting the change of groundwater chemical types.