高频超声对腘窝囊肿、腘窝囊肿破裂的诊断与鉴别诊断

Diagnosis And Differential Diagnosis of Popliteal Cyst And Popliteal Cyst Rupture by High Frequency Ultrasound

目的:评估高频彩色多普勒超声对于腘窝囊肿及腘窝囊肿破裂的诊断与鉴别诊断的价值。方法:超声对45名患者诊断腘窝囊肿或腘窝囊肿破裂52个,并经穿刺、手术或磁共振检查证实的患者超声图像进行分析。结果:1、诊断腘窝囊肿35个,诊断符合率100%,根据声像图依据囊肿与膝关节腔相通与否,分作两型:关节后疝型12个,诊断符合率100%;单纯囊肿型23个,诊断符合率100%;2、诊断腘窝囊肿破裂15个,诊断符合率88.23%,腘窝囊肿破裂超声表现主要为发生在小腿软组织间隙内见混合回声肿块,主要聚集于半膜肌深方软组织间隙内(7个)、腓肠肌与比目鱼肌之间(8个)、腓肠肌与皮下脂肪层之间(2个)。结论:高频彩色多普勒超声对腘窝囊肿及腘窝囊肿破裂的诊断及鉴别诊断具有很高诊断价值,可以在术前提供可靠的诊断信息,并为指导临床治疗方案的选择提供指导。

Objective:To evaluate the value of high frequency color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of popliteal cyst and popliteal cyst rupture.Methods:The ultrasound images of 45 patients with 52 popliteal cyst or popliteal cyst rupture diagnosed by ultrasound and confirmed by puncture,surgery or magnetic resonance examination were analyzed.Results:1.Thirty-five popliteal cysts were diagnosed in 35 cases,with a diagnostic coincidence rate of 100%.According to whether the cysts are communicated with the knee joint cavity or not,they can be divided into two types:posterior hernia type in 12 cases,with a diagnostic coincidence rate of 100%;There were 23 simple cyst types,and the diagnostic coincidence rate was 100%.2.15 cases of popliteal cyst rupture were diagnosed,with a diagnostic coincidence rate of 88.23%.The ultrasonic manifestations of popliteal cyst rupture were mainly mixed echo masses in the soft tissue space of the lower leg,mainly concentrated in the deep soft tissue space of semimembranous muscle(7),gastrocnemius muscle and soleus muscle(8),gastrocnemius muscle and subcutaneous fat layer(2).Conclusion:High frequency color Doppler ultrasound has high diagnostic value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of popliteal cyst and popliteal cyst rupture,which can provide reliable diagnostic information before operation and guide the selection of clinical treatment scheme.