村落慢性病患者生活方式现状与人际交往方式的影响研究--以北京市H区为个案

The study on the current situation of life style of villager with chronic diseases and influence by interpersonal communication——based on case study in H district of Beijing

目的以H区村落为现场,以中老年慢性病人群为对象,了解患慢性病村民生活方式现状,分析村落人际间的交往方式对慢性病人群生活方式的影响,探讨问题并提出对策建议。方法以社会历史研究法为基本方法,以社会学实地研究为支撑,采用目的性抽样方法,在对H区3个乡镇的14个行政村的60名慢性病村民进行观察和访谈的基础上,对H区6个乡镇的48个行政村768名慢性病村民进行问卷调查。结果村落基于血缘地缘的人际交往方式与因其产生的生活方式对慢性病的预防产生一定的正向作用,但在人际交往根脉与生活空间狭小的影响下所形成的交往方式使患慢性病村民“积习难改”,对消除慢性病产生负向作用。结论村落人际交往方式是生活方式的重要组成部分,应该立足村落环境,因势利导,提升慢性病村民健康素养,改善饮食习惯,科学运动健体,让村民真正拥有健康获得感。

Objective To investigate the current situation of life style of chronic diseases villagers,analyze the influence of interpersonal interaction,interpersonal identity,and interpersonal symbiosis among villagers on the life style of middle aged and elderly villagers with chronic diseases,and discuss the problems and put forward countermeasures.Methods Based on the social and historical research method,supported by the field study of sociology,the purpose sampling method was adopted to conduct observation and interview of 60 villagers with chronic diseases in 14 administrative villages in 3 towns of H district,and questionnaire survey was taken on 768 people from 48 administrative villages in 6 towns of H district.Results The interpersonal communication mode and the life styles based on kinship and geography in villages had a positive effect on prevention of chronic disease,but the influence of traditional culture and small living space made the rural residents habits hard to change through interpersonal communication,which had a negative effect on eliminating chronic diseases.Conclusion The interpersonal communication mode in villages was an important part of the way of life.The way of preventing chronic diseases should base on its environment and take advantage of the situation to improve the health literacy and dietary habit and take exercise scientifically,so that the villagers could truly gain more sense of contentment on their health.