茜草科瑶族药品种与标准整理

Variety and Standard Arrangement of Rubiaceae in Yao Medicine

目的系统整理和分析了茜草科瑶族药材(以下简称"瑶药")的药用品种、基原、药用部位、功效及标准等。方法通过查阅文献及分析的方法对瑶族医药进行考证。结果茜草科瑶药共有22属76种(含变种),涉及47个品种,包括单基原27种、多基原20种、瑶药特有19种,其中5种为常用药(俗称"老班药"),与其他民族交叉用药28种(59.57%),其中33种以全株或全草入药(70.2%),仅13种为各级药材标准所收载,瑶药标准仅收5种,占老班药的4.8%。茜草科瑶药常以功效或药用部位命名,而同一药材名的药用部位和功效均与中药药用部位不尽相同。结论瑶药茜草科药材品种的名称、基原尚不规范,质量标准尚不健全,亟需加强管理。

Objective To systematically sort out medicinal varieties,origin,medicinal parts,efficacy and standards of Rubiaceae in Yao medicine.Methods Textual research on Yao medicine was conducted through literature review and analysis.Results There were 22 genera and 78 species(including varieties)of Rubiaceae in Yao medicine,involving 47 kinds of medicinal materials,including 27 species from single plant and 20 species from polygenetic plant.19 species were only used by Yao medicine with 5 kinds of frequently-used medicine(common name:Laoban medicine).There were 28 kinds of cross medicine with other ethnic groups,accounting for 59.57%.Among them,whole plant or whole grass were used for drug of 33 kinds,among which 13 kinds were recorded in all-level standards,and 5 kinds were only in the standards of Yao medicine,according for 4.8%of all Laoban medicine.Yao medicine is often named after the efficacy or medicinal parts,and the medicinal parts and efficacy of the same medicinal material name are different from those of Chinese materia medica.Conclusion The name and origin of Yao medicine are not standardized,and the quality standards are not yet complete,and management is urgently needed.