银川市65岁及以上老年人代谢综合征患病现状及影响因素分析

Prevalence and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome among residents aged 65 and above in Yinchuan city

目的了解银川市≥65岁老年人代谢综合征(MS)患病现状及其影响因素,为有针对性地开展老年人MS相关防控工作提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取银川市4 942名≥65岁老年人,对其进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查。使用SPSS 23.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果银川市老年人MS患病率为18.3%,女性(20.2%)高于男性(16.2%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.384,P<0.05);文化程度越低MS患病率越高(χ趋势^(2)=18.006,P<0.05);不同职业人群MS患病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.798,P<0.05),其中农民患病率最高(19.6%);MS患病率随抑郁程度加重呈上升趋势(χ趋势^(2)=6.075,P<0.05);中心性肥胖者MS患病率(30.9%)高于正常人(9.3%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=374.344,P<0.05);MS构成组分中以超重或肥胖患病率最高(49.1%);调查者中无任何MS组分异常者占比仅19.5%;MS组合形式以超重或肥胖+高血压+血脂紊乱组合所占比例最高(31.6%);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,文盲(OR=1.913,95%CI:1.121~3.264)、既往职业为农民(OR=1.568,95%CI:1.019~2.413)或其他(OR=1.794,95%CI:1.168~2.757)以及中心性肥胖(OR=4.732,95%CI:4.032~5.554)是MS的危险因素。结论银川市≥65岁老年人中有相当比例患有MS且影响因素众多,应有针对性地采取综合防控措施,降低MS发生风险。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of metabolic syndrome(MS) in elderly people aged 65 and over in Yinchuan city and to provide reference for targeted prevention and control of MS in elderly people.Methods With multi-stage stratified random sampling, 4 942 residents aged 65 years and older in Yinchuan city were selected for a cross-sectional study including questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory tests.SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data.Results The prevalence rate of MS among the residents was 18.3%,with a significantly higher rate among the females than among the males(20.2%vs. 16.2%,χ^(2)=13.384,P<0.05). The lower the education level, the higher the prevalence of MS(χtrend^(2)=18.006,P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence of MS among different occupational groups(χ^(2)=16.798,P<0.05),with the highest prevalence among farmers(19.6%). The prevalence of MS increased with the severity of depression(χtrend^(2)=6.075,P<0.05). The prevalence of MS in patients with central obesity(30.9%) was higher than that in normal people(9.3%). The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=374.344,P<0.05). Among the components of MS,the prevalence of overweight or obesity was the highest(49.1%). Only 19.5% of the investigators had no abnormal components of MS. The highest proportion of the combination of MS was overweight or obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia(31.6%). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Illiteracy(OR=1.913,95% CI:1.121~3.264),Illiteracy(OR=1.913,95% CI:1.121~3.264),previous employment was farmer(OR=1.568,95% CI:1.019~2.413) or other(OR=1.794,95% CI:1.168~2.757),and central obesity(OR=4.732,95% CI:4.032~5.554) were risk factors for metabolic syndrome.Conclusion There is large proportion of the residents aged 65 and older in Yinchuan city have MS and there are many influencing factors. Therefore, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome.