轨道交通制动系统速度传感器的故障诊断方法研究

Research on Fault Diagnosis Method of Speed Sensor for Brake System of Rail Transit Vehicles

针对国内动车组已发生的多起因速度传感器故障导致制动系统误报轴抱死故障的问题,提出一种轨道交通制动系统速度传感器故障的一体化智能诊断方法,实现了速度传感器异常的实时检测、具体故障轴的准确定位和故障类型的自动识别。基于对主元分析法的改进,通过检测样本的综合监控指标是否超限判断,实现故障的检测;采用重构贡献图故障定位方法,通过反复迭代判断,实现具体故障轴的准确定位;运用基于Petri网的故障诊断技术,结合工程经验,建立各故障演变传递的逻辑关系,实现速度传感器典型故障的自动识别;同时通过故障注入试验证明该方法能准确、有效地智能诊断出速度传感器故障,解决动车组的运营隐患问题。

Aiming at the problem of brake system misreporting axle lock faults caused by speed sensor faults in domestic EMUs,this paper proposed an integrated intelligent diagnosis method for speed sensor faults of brake system in rail transit vehicles,which realized real-time detection of speed sensor anomalies,accurate location of the axis of the speed sensor fault and automatic recognition of fault types.The fault location function was realized by judging whether the comprehensive monitoring indicators of test samples exceeded the limit based on improved principal component analysis(IPCA).Then the fault location method based on improved reconstruction-based contribution plots(IRBCP)was proposed to accurately locate the specific fault axis through repeated iterative judgment.Using the Petri net-based fault diagnosis technology and engineering application experiences,the logical relationship of fault evolution and transmission was established to realize the automatic identification of typical faults of the speed sensor.Finally,the results from the fault injection experiments conducted show that the proposed method can accurately and effectively diagnose the fault of speed sensor intelligently,and solve the hidden trouble in EMU operation.