采前套袋结合低浓度乙烯利替代蜜橘果实乙烯褪绿处理的可行性研究

Feasibility Study on Pre-harvest Bagging Combined with Low-concentration Ethephon Treatment to Replace the Ethylene Degreening Treatment of Mandarin Fruits

本文探讨采前套袋结合低浓度乙烯处理对蜜橘果实采后乙烯褪绿行为的影响。用黄色单层果袋对重庆北碚早熟蜜橘果实进行采前套袋处理,采收后分别设置对照组(CK)、1000 mg/kg乙烯利处理组(ETH)、仅套袋处理组(套袋+0 mg/kg ETH)、套袋+250 mg/kg乙烯利处理组(套袋+250 mg/kg ETH)、套袋+500 mg/kg乙烯利处理组(套袋+500 mg/kg ETH)和套袋+1000 mg/kg乙烯利处理组(套袋+1000 mg/kg ETH),并将所有果实置于20℃的环境中贮藏。结果表明:随着贮藏期的延长,套袋结合乙烯利处理能更好改善早熟蜜橘果实的呈色问题,贮藏第6 d后,套袋+250 mg/kg ETH处理、套袋+500 mg/kg ETH处理和套袋+1000 mg/kg ETH处理均能显著提高果实的色差参数(a*和a*/b*)(P<0.05)。在整个贮藏期,套袋+250 mg/kg ETH处理能够延缓蜜橘果实腐烂率和褐变指数的上升,并能维持果实硬度,对果实可溶性固形物和V C含量无不良影响。此外,采收时,采前套袋处理的蜜橘果实的游离氨基酸总含量与对照组相比未发生显著性变化(P>0.05),采前套袋处理对蜜橘果实风味无不良影响,但能提高蜜橘果实中与衰老抗病有关的精氨酸的含量。综合分析,采前套袋结合低浓度乙烯利(套袋+250 mg/kg ETH)在改善果实褪绿效果的同时,能降低常规乙烯褪绿引起的腐烂、果蒂褐变等问题,且该处理操作简单,在柑橘产业中具有一定的应用前景。

This article investigated the effect of pre-harvest bagging combined with low-concentration ethephon treatment on ethylene degreening behavior of mandarin fruits.The early ripening mandarin fruits from Beibei of Chongqing were bagged with yellow single-layer fruit bags before harvest.After harvest,the fruits were divided into six groups in this experiment,the control group(CK),the ethephon-degreened fruit(ETH,1000 mg/kg),bagging+0 mg/kg ETH,Bagging+250 mg/kg ETH,bagging+500 mg/kg ETHand bagging+1000 mg/kg ETH,respectively,and all the fruits were stored at 20℃after treatment.The results indicated that with the extension of the storage period,bagging combined with ethephon treatment could better improve the color of early ripening mandarin fruits.After 6 days of storage,bagging+250 mg/kg ETH treatment,bagging+500 mg/kg ETH treatment and bagging+1000 mg/kg ETH treatment significantly improved the chromatographic parameters(a*and a*/b*)of the fruits(P<0.05).Throughout the storage period,bagging+250 mg/kg ETH treatment delayed the increase of the decay rate and browning index successfully and maintained the firmness of the mandarin fruit,besides,it had no adverse influence on the soluble solid content and V C content.In addition,pre-harvest bagging treatment on the total free amino acid content of mandarin fruits didn’t change significantly compared with the control group when harvesting(P>0.05),nordid affect the flavor adversely.But it could increase the content of the arginine acid of mandarin fruits which was related to aging and disease resistance.Based on the results mentioned above,not only the pre-harvest bagging combined with low-concentration ethephon(bagging+250 mg/kg ETH)can improve the degreening behaviors of mandarin fruits,reduce the problems of rot and browning of pedicles caused by conventional ethylene degreening treatment,but also this technology is easy to operate.Therefore,it has certain application prospects in the citrus industry.