马铃薯料斗机除杂装置设计与试验

Design and Test of Impurity Removal Device of Potato Receiving Hopper

针对马铃薯料斗机除杂装置除杂过程中马铃薯伤薯率高、除杂质量低的问题,通过进行马铃薯除杂过程动力学分析和马铃薯与土壤分离的条件分析,并结合除杂辊转动摩擦除杂的原理,确定了影响马铃薯除杂作业质量的主要因素及各因素的试验取值范围。以马铃薯伤薯率和除杂率为评价指标,以除杂辊间距、装置倾角和除杂辊转速为试验因素,进行了二次旋转正交回归试验,建立了各因素与试验指标间的回归数学模型,分析了各因素对评价指标的影响规律,并进行参数优化。结果表明,当除杂辊间距为125 mm、装置倾角为10°、除杂辊转速为112 r/min时,马铃薯除杂作业的伤薯率为0.65%、除杂率为96.03%,与未经参数优化的料斗机相比,伤薯率减少0.12个百分点,除杂率提高0.63个百分点,该装置能较好地满足马铃薯仓储作业的要求。

Aiming at the problems of high potato damage rate and low impurity removal during the impurity removal process of the potato receiving hopper impurity removal device,the kinetic analysis of the potato impurity removal process and the condition analysis of the separation of the potato from the soil are combined with the rotation friction of the impurity removal roller.The principle of impurity,determines the main factors affecting the quality of potato impurity removal and the experimental value range of each factor.Taking potato damage rate and impurity removal rate as the evaluation index,and taking the distance of the impurity removal roller,the inclination angle of the device and the speed of the impurity removal roller as the experimental factors,the second rotation orthogonal regression test was carried out,and the regression mathematical model between each factor and the test index was established.Analyzing the influence of various factors on the evaluation index and optimizing the parameters,the results show that when the distance between the impurity removal roller is 125 mm,the device inclination angle is 10°,and the speed of the impurity removal roller is 112 r/min,the potato damage rate is 0.65%,the impurity removal rate is 96.03%,Compared with the hopper machine without parameter optimization,the potato damage rate is reduced by 0.12 percentage points,and the impurity removal rate is increased by 0.63 percentage points,which can better meet the requirements of potato storage operations.