噶邦福及其《历史综合法》述论

On Jvan Jvanovich Gapanovich and His Work Methods of Historical Synthesis

俄国学者噶邦福的主要学术成就集中在三个领域:东北亚原住民的历史文化及生活现状、近代欧洲列强、特别是俄国的殖民扩张及其对殖民地的影响、史学理论及史学史。《历史综合法》是作者秉承历史主义治史理念撰写的一部方法论著作,系统地研究了历史个体综合的相关问题,并提出了探寻历史因果关系和规律的主要原则以及具体方法。但受作者价值观的影响,其中的方法论带有明显的相对主义和主观主义倾向。尽管如此,该书是我国第一部自成体系的史学理论著作。

The main academic achievements of Russian scholar Jvan Jvanovich Gapanovich focus on three fields:history,culture and living status of the natives in Northeast Asia,the colonial expansion of modern European powers,especially Russia and its influence on the colonies,and the historical theory and history of history.Methods of Historical Synthesis is a methodological work adhering to the idea of historicism,which systematically studies the related issues of the synthesis of historical individuals,and puts forward the main principles and specific methods to explore the historical causal relationship and laws.However,influenced by the author’s values,the methodology has an obvious tendency of relativism.Nevertheless,the book is the first historical theoretical work with its own system in China.