滴灌施药对覆膜玉米茎腐病防效及产量影响

Effect on stalk rot control and yield of mulching film maize by drip irrigation system with fungicides

在辽西风沙半干旱地区,开展了人工接种茎腐病病原菌条件下覆膜滴灌施用多菌灵和戊唑醇防治玉米茎腐病效果研究。结果表明:滴灌施用50%多菌灵WP和25%戊唑醇WP对玉米茎腐病防治效果均在54%以上,两年平均防效最高的是25%戊唑醇可湿性粉剂140 g/667 m^2滴灌处理,达到72.60%,平均产量为948.94 kg/667 m^2,与接种不施药处理相比显著增产59.92%,50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂60、120 g/667 m^2滴灌处理防效分别为54.79%和67.99%,平均产量分别为755.24、810.43 kg/667 m^2;不同药剂处理间玉米穗长、百粒重差异显著;每667 m^2滴灌施用多菌灵可增加收入218.68元/年。滴灌施用戊唑醇和多菌灵可有效防治玉米茎腐病,显著提高产量和效益。

Effects of fungicides carbendazol and tebuconazole on the control efficiency of maize stalk rot and maize yield were investigated by field experiment of chemigation under plastic film in the sandstorm semi-arid area of western Liaoning province.The results showed that the control efficacy of stem base rot was above 54%.The control efficacy of tebuconazole 25%WP at 140 g/667 m^2 of chemigation was up to 72.60%,and the average yield reached to 948.94 kg/667 m^2,with the yield increase rate of 59.92%significantly higher than that of inoculation without treatment.The control efficacies and the average yields of carbendazim 50%WP at 60 g/667 m^2 and 120 g/667 m^2 of chemigation were 54.79%and 67.99%,755.24 kg/667 m^2 and 810.43 kg/667 m^2,respectively.The ear length,ear diameter and 100-kernel weight of maize were significantly different among the different fungicides treatments.Chemigation with carbendazim can increase the income and benefit by￥218.68 per 667 m^2 each year.Chemigation with tebuconazole and carbendazim can effectively control maize stalk rot and significantly increase the maize yield and production efficiency.