淮南交子与南宋两淮地区的财政运作——兼与东南会子比较

Huainan Jiaozi and the Fiscal Operations of the Lianghuai Region in the Southern Song Dynasty

已有研究常将多种南宋纸币视为性质接近的货币,但不同南宋纸币因财政运作的塑造却存在性质和功能上的差异。以两淮地区为例,淮南交子看似是当地的区域性纸币,却始终作为推行铁钱化政策、调节铁钱数量的财政工具,在盐榷、军俸等财政活动和民间交易中受限,不具有完整的货币流通职能。全国性纸币东南会子更深入地参与两淮货币流通,其重要性随着南宋后期财政、军事状况的变化而与日俱增。区域性纸币与全国性纸币的差异并非仅在于流通范围和数量等表象,更本质的区别由其在财政运作中的角色所决定。

The previous studies have often treated multiple paper money in the Southern Song Dynasty as similar nature to the currency,but different paper money was different in nature and function due to the fiscal operations.Huainan Jiaozi seemed to be a regional paper currency,but it has always been used as a fiscal instrument to implement the iron money policy and adjust the amount of iron coins.It was limited in fiscal activities such as salt monopoly,military salaries and private transactions,and did not have a complete currency function of circulation.The state paper currency of Southeast Huizi was more deeply involved in the circulation of the Lianghuai currencies,and its importance increased with the changes in the fiscal and military conditions in the late Southern Song Dynasty.The differences between regional currency and state currency lied not only in the scope and quantity of circulation;the more essential difference was determined by its roles in fiscal operations.