模糊综合评价法在黄龙洞景区水质评价中的应用

Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method to Water Quality Evaluation of Huanglongdong Scenic Spot

随着旅游业的快速发展,水环境问题日趋凸显。为深入了解黄龙洞景区水环境问题,借助黄龙洞景区2014—2018年的水质监测数据并结合实际污染特征,选取氨氮、总氮、总磷和大肠菌群4个评价参数,运用模糊综合评价法对其地表水水质进行了综合评价。结果表明:(1)总氮和总磷是影响黄龙洞景区水质的主要污染因子,其中总氮污染是黄龙洞景区水环境保护治理的重点;(2)5年间,黄龙洞景区水质从Ⅱ类向V类逐级过渡,丰水期受污染程度明显高于平水期和枯水期,水质污染严重;(3)黄龙洞景区水质的变化与上游转嫁污染、旅游规模扩大和农业面源污染存在密切关系。

With the rapid development of tourism,water environment problems have become increasingly prominent.In order to deeply understand the water environment problems in Huanglongdong Scenic Spot,this paper selected four evaluation parameters of ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen,total phosphorus and fecal coliform based on the water quality monitoring data of Huanglongdong Scenic Spot from 2014 to 2018 and combined with the actual pollution characteristics,and used to comprehensively evaluate the surface water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The results showed that:(1)Total nitrogen and total phosphorus were the main pollution factors affecting the water quality in Huanglongdong Scenic Spot,and total nitrogen pollution would be the focus of water environment protection and treatment in Huanglongdong Scenic Spot in the future;(2)During the five years,the water quality of Huanglongdong Scenic Spot gradually transited from Class II to Class V,and the pollution level in the wet season was significantly higher than that in the normal season and the dry season,with serious water pollution;(3)The water quality change in Huanglongdong Scenic Spot is closely related to the upstream transferred pollution,the expansion of tourism scale and agricultural non-point source pollution.